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Recent Longevity News for the seven days ending 9/22/10.  You should consult your doctor if you are taking any medications.

Probiotics show potential against common cold: Study - Nutra USA 9/21/10 - "daily consumption of Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 9 (DSM 15312) and Lactobacillus paracasei 8700:2 (DSM 13434) reduced the incidence of one or more episodes of the common cold from 67 percent in the placebo group to 55 percent, according to findings published in the European Journal of Nutrition ... Furthermore, the number of days of symptoms for the cold was significantly reduced in people taking the probiotic supplements, from an average of 8.6 to 6.2, compared with placebo ... the total symptom score was reduced during the study period from a mean of 44.4 for the control group to 33.6 for the probiotic group" - [Abstract] - See probiotics at Amazon.com.

Frequent chocolate consumption could reduce CHD risk, US study - Nutra USA, 9/21/10 - "dark chocolate intake was associated with a 39 per cent lower risk of myocardial infarction and stroke combined ... In the fully adjusted model, consumption of chocolate more than five times a week was associated with 57 per cent lower prevalent CHD compared with subjects who did not consume chocolate ... Exclusion of subjects with prevalent diabetes and those who were on a weight loss diet made the association stronger ... the inability to distinguish the different types of chocolate might have led to an underestimation of the true association between cocoa/chocolate polyphenol consumption and CHD in the study"

Stress accelerates breast cancer progression in mice, researchers find - Science Daily, 9/15/10 - "stress is biologically reprogramming the immune cells that are trying to fight the cancer, transforming them instead from soldiers protecting the body against disease into aiders and abettors. The study found a 30-fold increase in cancer spread throughout the bodies of stressed mice compared to those that were not stressed ... Beta blockers, used in this study to shut down the stress pathways in the mice, are currently being examined in several large breast cancer databases for their role in potential prevention of recurrence and cancer spread ... using beta blockers in stressed mice prevented the same cancer progression seen in the stressed mice that did not receive medication"

Higher than predicted human exposure to the toxic chemical bisphenol A or BPA, new study indicates - Science Daily, 9/20/10 - "This study provides convincing evidence that BPA is dangerous to our health at current levels of human exposure ... BPA manufacturers have argued that BPA is safe and have denied the validity of more than 200 studies that showed adverse health effects in animals due to exposure to very low doses of BPA" - See Stainless Steel Bottle - 26 oz., Custom Printed Stainless Steel Bottle at Motivators.com.  I ordered 75 with my logo for local cusomers and friends.  I've got no affiliation with them.

Krill oil may reduce arthritis symptoms: Mouse study - Nutra USA, 9/17/10 - "Results showed that animals supplemented with krill or fish oil experienced significant reductions in measures of arthritis and swelling of the hind paw compared to a control animals not supplemented with EPA and DHA. The effects were greater for the krill oil than fish oil ... the arthritis score was reduced by 47 percent in the krill oil group compared with 26 percent for animals in fish oil group" - [Abstract] - See krill oil products at iHerb.

Phys Ed: Can Exercise Make Kids Smarter? - NYTimes.com, 9/15/10 - "among more than a million 18-year-old boys who joined the army, better fitness was correlated with higher I.Q.’s, even among identical twins. The fitter the twin, the higher his I.Q. The fittest of them were also more likely to go on to lucrative careers than the least fit, rendering them less likely, you would hope, to live in their parents’ basements. No correlation was found between muscular strength and I.Q. scores. There’s no evidence that exercise leads to a higher I.Q., but the researchers suspect that aerobic exercise, not strength training, produces specific growth factors and proteins that stimulate the brain"

Even very low dose of regular aspirin wards off bowel cancer, study finds - Science Daily, 9/15/10 - "After a year, taking daily low dose aspirin was associated with a 22% reduced risk of developing bowel cancer, and the magnitude of the reduction in risk was cumulative, rising to 30% after five years ... taking NSAIDs of any kind did not influence the risk of death from any cause nor did it increase bowel cancer survival"

Aerobic exercise relieves insomnia - Science Daily, 9/15/10 - "Exercise improved the participants' self-reported sleep quality, elevating them from a diagnosis of poor sleeper to good sleeper. They also reported fewer depressive symptoms, more vitality and less daytime sleepiness"

Mild memory loss is not a part of normal aging, new research finds - Science Daily, 9/15/10 - "Simply getting older is not the cause of mild memory lapses often called senior moments ... even the very early mild changes in memory that are much more common in old age than dementia are caused by the same brain lesions associated with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias ... The very early mild cognitive changes once thought to be normal aging are really the first signs of progressive dementia"

Eating broccoli could guard against arthritis - Science Daily, 9/15/10 - "a compound in broccoli called sulforaphane blocks the enzymes that cause joint destruction in osteoarthritis -- the most common form of arthritis" - See sulforaphane at Amazon.com.

Blood test accurately predicts death from prostate cancer up to 25 years in advance - Science Daily, 9/15/10 - "90 percent of deaths occurred in men in the top 25 percent of PSA levels at age 60. The researchers concluded that men with a PSA level above 2 ng/ml at age 60 should be considered at increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer and should continue to be screened regularly ... Men with a PSA level below 1 ng / ml had a 0.2 percent chance of death from prostate cancer. The researchers concluded that men with PSA levels in this range, which is about half of all men, should be considered at low risk of prostate cancer death and may not need to be screened in the future. The study also indicated that some men found to be at low risk may actually have prostate cancer; however it is not likely to cause symptoms or shorten their life by the age of 85"

Abstracts from this week's Doctor's Guide Nutrition/Dietetics plus abstracts from my RSS feeds (Click here for the journals, the PubMed ones at the top):

Randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled study using new probiotic lactobacilli for strengthening the body immune defence against viral infections - Eur J Nutr. 2010 Aug 28 - "The incidence of acquiring one or more common cold episode was reduced from 67% in the control group to 55% in the probiotic group (p < 0.05). Also, the number of days with common cold symptoms were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced from 8.6 days in the control group to 6.2 days, in the probiotic group, during the 12-week period. The total symptom score was reduced during the study period from a mean of 44.4 for the control group to 33.6 for the probiotic group. The reduction in pharyngeal symptoms was significant (p < 0.05). In addition, the proliferation of B lymphocytes was significantly counteracted in the probiotic group (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group" - See probiotics at Amazon.com.

Dietary polyphenols: Focus on resveratrol, a promising agent in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and control of glucose homeostasis - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Oct;20(8):618-25 - "Plants continuously produce an extraordinary variety of biologically active low-molecular-mass compounds. Among them, resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is endowed with significant positive activities by protecting against cardiovascular diseases and preventing the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the molecule significantly ameliorates glucose homeostasis in obese mice. These beneficial effects have driven considerable interest towards resveratrol molecular activities, and intensive efforts for the identification of the stilbene targets have been made. The molecule shows a pleiotropic mode of action. Particularly, its cellular targets are crucial for cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, antioxidant defence and mitochondrial energy production. The complexity of resveratrol activities might account for its effectiveness in ameliorating multifactorial processes, including the onset and/or progression of several degenerative diseases such as myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.

Resveratrol inhibits mTOR signaling by promoting the interaction between mTOR and DEPTOR - J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 17 - "Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has been found to exert anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, how RSV exerts its beneficial health effects remains largely unknown. Here we show that RSV inhibits insulin- and leucine-stimulated mTOR signaling in C2C12 fibroblasts via a Sirt1-independent mechanism ... Taken together, our studies reveal that RSV inhibits leucine-stimulated mTORC1 activation by promoting mTOR/DEPTOR interaction and thus uncover a novel mechanism by which RSV negatively regulates mTOR activity" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.

Resveratrol improves myocardial perfusion in a swine model of hypercholesterolemia and chronic myocardial ischemia - Circulation. 2010 Sep 14;122(11 Suppl):S142-9 - "hypercholesterolemic diet with supplemental resveratrol (100 mg/kg/d orally, HCRV ... Total cholesterol was lowered about 30% in HCRV animals (P<0.001). Regional wall motion analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in inferolateral function from baseline to 7 weeks in HCC swine (P=0.04). There was no significant change in regional function in HCRV swine from baseline to 7 weeks (P=0.32). Tissue blood flow during stress was 2.8-fold greater in HCRV swine when compared with HCC swine (P=0.04). Endothelium-dependent microvascular relaxation response to Substance P was diminished in HCC swine, which was rescued by resveratrol treatment (P=0.004). Capillary density (PECAM-1 staining) demonstrated fewer capillaries in both HCC and HCRV swine versus control swine (P=0.02). Immunoblot analysis demonstrated significantly greater expression in HCRV versus HCC swine of the following markers of angiogenesis: VEGF (P=0.002), peNOS (ser1177) (P=0.04), NFkB (P=0.004), and pAkt (thr308) (P=0.001) ... Supplemental resveratrol attenuates regional wall motion abnormalities, improves myocardial perfusion in the collateral dependent region, preserves endothelium-dependent coronary vessel function, and upregulates markers of angiogenesis associated with the VEGF signaling pathway" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.

Resveratrol prevents RANKL induced osteoclast differentiation of murine osteoclast progenitor RAW 264.7 cells through inhibition of ROS production - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Sep 16 - "The bone protective effects of resveratrol have been demonstrated in several osteoporosis models while the underlying mechanism is largely unclear ... We postulate that the direct inhibitory effects of resveratrol on osteoclastogenesis are mediated via inhibition of ROS generation" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.

Supplementation of diet with krill oil protects against experimental rheumatoid arthritis - BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010 Jun 29;11:136 - "Consumption of krill oil and supplemented diet significantly reduced the arthritis scores and hind paw swelling when compared to a control diet not supplemented with EPA and DHA. However, the arthritis score during the late phase of the study was only significantly reduced after krill oil administration. Furthermore, mice fed the krill oil diet demonstrated lower infiltration of inflammatory cells into the joint and synovial layer hyperplasia, when compared to control. Inclusion of fish oil and krill oil in the diets led to a significant reduction in hyperplasia and total histology score. Krill oil did not modulate the levels of serum cytokines whereas consumption of fish oil increased the levels of IL-1alpha and IL-13 ... The study suggests that krill oil may be a useful intervention strategy against the clinical and histopathological signs of inflammatory arthritis" - See krill oil products at iHerb.

Cardiac hypertrophy and remodelling: pathophysiological consequences and protective effects of melatonin - J Hypertens. 2010 Sep;28 Suppl 1:S7-12 - "Whereas melatonin did not reduce left ventricular hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats or in nitric oxide-deficient hypertension, it did have other beneficial effects, e.g. it curtailed oxidative damage to the heart that resulted in an attenuation of left ventricular fibrosis. In contrast to the findings in hypertensive rats, melatonin administration was effective in overcoming cardiac enlargement resulting from induced hyperthyroidism or chronic hypoxia exposure. In addition, in these situations, melatonin also conferred protection against free radical-mediated damage at the level of cardiomyocytes. Collectively, the results of the publications summarized herein along with numerous other published reports on other aspects of cardiovascular physiology indicate that, when damage to the heart is a result of free radicals, melatonin is clearly protective. This is not unexpected considering the now well documented potent antioxidative actions of both melatonin and its metabolites. In general, melatonin improves cardiovascular physiology and heart function" - See my favorite Source Naturals, Melatonin, Peppermint Flavored Sublingual, 1 mg, 300 Tablets at iHerb.

Melatonin improves the restoration of endothelium-derived constricting factor signalling and inner diameter in the rat femoral artery after cessation of L-NAME treatment - J Hypertens. 2010 Sep;28 Suppl 1:S19-2 - "Although melatonin did not accelerate blood pressure reduction, it attenuated EDCF-contractions and oxidative load and enlarged arterial diameter. These effects may be beneficial for cardiovascular protection" - See melatonin at Amazon.com.

Continuous light and L-NAME-induced left ventricular remodelling: different protection with melatonin and captopril - J Hypertens. 2010 Sep;28 Suppl 1:S13-8 - "In hypertension induced by a combination of continuous light and L-NAME treatment, melatonin and captopril protect the heart against pathological left ventricular remodelling differently" - See melatonin at Amazon.com.

Metformin treatment is associated with a low risk of mortality in diabetic patients with heart failure: a retrospective nationwide cohort study - Diabetologia. 2010 Sep 14 - "With sulfonylurea monotherapy used as the reference, adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality associated with the different treatment groups were as follows: metformin 0.85 (95% CI 0.75-0.98, p = 0.02), metformin + sulfonylurea 0.89 (95% CI 0.82-0.96, p = 0.003), metformin + insulin 0.96 (95% CI 0.82-1.13, p = 0.6), metformin + insulin + sulfonylurea 0.94 (95% CI 0.77-1.15, p = 0.5), sulfonylurea + insulin 0.97 (95% CI 0.86-1.08, p = 0.5) and insulin 1.14 (95% CI 1.06-1.20, p = 0.0001)" - See Metformin at IAS.

Clinical Pharmacology of Resveratrol and Its Metabolites in Colorectal Cancer Patients - Cancer Res. 2010 Sep 14 - "Consumption of resveratrol reduced tumor cell proliferation by 5% (P = 0.05). The results suggest that daily p.o. doses of resveratrol at 0.5 or 1.0 g produce levels in the human gastrointestinal tract of an order of magnitude sufficient to elicit anticarcinogenic effects. Resveratrol merits further clinical evaluation as a potential colorectal cancer chemopreventive agent" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.

The value of tocotrienols in the prevention and treatment of cancer - J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Jun;29(3 Suppl):324S-333S - "Tocopherols and tocotrienols represent the 2 subgroups that make up the vitamin E family of compounds, but only tocotrienols display potent anticancer activity" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.

Palm oil-derived natural vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol in brain health and disease - J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Jun;29(3 Suppl):314S-323S - "the scientific literature on tocotrienols accounts for roughly 1% of the total literature on vitamin E, thus warranting further investment and investigation" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.

J-curve revisited: an analysis of blood pressure and cardiovascular events in the Treating to New Targets (TNT) trial - Eur Heart J. 2010 Sep 16 - "The relationship between SBP or DBP and primary outcome followed a J-curve with increased event rates above and below the reference BP range, both unadjusted and adjusted (for baseline covariates, treatment effect, and LDL levels). A time-dependent, non-linear, multivariate Cox proportional hazard model identified a nadir of 146.3/81.4 mmHg where the event rate was lowest. A similar non-linear relationship with a higher risk of events at lower pressures was found for most of the secondary outcomes of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal MI, or angina. However, for the outcome of stroke, lower was better for SBP. Conclusion In patients with CAD, a low BP (<110-120/<60-70 mmHg) portends an increased risk of future cardiovascular events (except stroke)"

Caffeine consumption during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth: a meta-analysis - Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Sep 15 - "In this meta-analysis, we observed no important association between caffeine intake during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth for cohort and case-control studies"

Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E(2) synthase-1 as a molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory actions of boswellic acids from frankincense - Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Sep 14 - "BAs reversibly suppressed the transformation of prostaglandin (PG)H(2) to PGE(2) mediated by mPGES1 (IC(50) = 3-10 µM). Also in intact A549 cells, BAs selectively inhibited PGE(2) generation and, in human whole blood, β-BA reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced PGE(2) biosynthesis without affecting formation of the COX-derived metabolites 6-keto PGF(1α) and thromboxane B(2) . Intraperitoneal or oral administration of β-BA (1 mg kg(-1) ) suppressed rat pleurisy, accompanied by impaired levels of PGE(2) ,.and β-BA (1 mg kg(-1) , given i.p.) also reduced mouse paw oedema, both induced by carrageenan. Conclusions and implications: Suppression of PGE(2) formation by BAs via interference with mPGES1 contributed to the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of BAs and of frankincense, and may constitute a biochemical basis for their anti-inflammatory properties" - See boswellia at Amazon.com.

The effectiveness of dried cranberries ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms Br J Nutr. 2010 Aug 31:1-9 - "In contrast to the control group, patients in the cranberry group had statistically significant improvement in International Prostate Symptom Score, QoL, urination parameters including voiding parameters (rate of urine flow, average flow, total volume and post-void residual urine volume), and lower total PSA level on day 180 of the study" - [Nutra USA] - See cranberry extract at Amazon.com.

Health Focus (Coffee/Caffeine):

News & Research:

Abstracts:

  • Impact of paper filtered coffee on oxidative DNA-damage: Results of a clinical trial - Mutat Res. 2010 Aug 13 - "consumed 800ml coffee or water daily over 5 days ... The extent of DNA-migration attributable to formation of oxidised purines (formamidopyrimidine glycosylase sensitive sites) was decreased after coffee intake by 12.3%"
  • Coffee and the liver: a potential treatment for liver disease? - Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Aug 26 - "Several studies consistently show that coffee drinkers have a reduced risk of abnormal liver function tests, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is a clear dose response to this benefit"
  • Coffee consumption and risk of incident gout in women: the Nurses' Health Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Aug 25 - "There was an inverse association between higher coffee intake and the risk of gout. The multivariate relative risks (RRs) for incident gout according to coffee-consumption categories [ie, 0, 1-237, 238-947, and >/=948 mL coffee/d (237 mL = one 8-ounce cup)] were 1.00, 0.97, 0.78 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.95), and 0.43 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.61; P for trend < 0.0001), respectively. For decaffeinated coffee, the multivariate RRs according to consumption categories (0, 1-237, and >/=237 mL decaffeinated coffee/d) were 1.00, 1.02, and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.95; P for trend = 0.02), respectively. There was an inverse association between total caffeine from all sources and the risk of gout; the multivariate RR of the highest quintile compared with the lowest quintile was 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.68; P for trend <0.0001)"
  • Consumption of filtered and boiled coffee and the risk of incident cancer: a prospective cohort study - Cancer Causes Control. 2010 May 30 - "No associations were found for all cancer sites combined, or for prostate or colorectal cancer. For breast cancer, boiled coffee >/=4 versus <1 occasions/day was associated with a reduced risk (HR = 0.52, CI = 0.30-0.88, p (trend) = 0.247). An increased risk of premenopausal and a reduced risk of postmenopausal breast cancer were found for both total (HR(premenopausal) = 1.69, CI = 0.96-2.98, p (trend) = 0.015, HR(postmenopausal) = 0.60, CI = 0.39-0.93, p (trend) = 0.006) and filtered coffee (HR(premenopausal) = 1.76, CI = 1.04-3.00, p (trend) = 0.045, HR(postmenopausal) = 0.52, CI = 0.30-0.88, p (trend) = 0.045). Boiled coffee was positively associated with the risk of respiratory tract cancer (HR = 1.81, CI = 1.06-3.08, p (trend) = 0.084), a finding limited to men. Main results for less common cancer types included total coffee in renal cell cancer (HR = 0.30, CI = 0.11-0.79, p (trend) = 0.009) and boiled coffee in pancreas cancer (HR = 2.51 CI = 1.15-5.50, p (trend) = 0.006)"
  • Coffee and tea consumption and endometrial cancer risk in a population-based study in New Jersey - Cancer Causes Control. 2010 May 14 - "There was a moderate inverse association with coffee consumption, with an adjusted OR of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.36-1.17) for women who reported more than two cups/day of coffee compared to none. Tea consumption appeared to increase risk (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.08-3.45), but after including the variables sugar/honey and cream/milk added to tea in the model, the risk estimate was attenuated and no longer statistically significant (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 0.96-3.28 for those consuming more than one cup/day of tea compared to nonusers). There was a suggestion of a decreased risk associated with green tea, but the confidence interval included one (adjusted OR for one or more cups/week vs. none: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.48-1.18). We found an association with adding sugar/honey to tea, with those adding two or more teaspoons/cup having an OR of 2.66 (95% CI: 1.42-4.98; p for trend <0.01) after adjusting for relevant confounders. For sugar/honey added to coffee the corresponding OR was 1.43 (95% CI: 0.81-2.55). Our results indicate that sugars and milk/cream added to coffee and tea should be considered in future studies evaluating coffee and tea and endometrial cancer risk"
  • Coffee Consumption and Mortality Due to All Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer in Japanese Women - J Nutr. 2010 Mar 24 - "In women, the multivariate hazard ratios (HR) (95% CI) for all-cause mortality in participants who drank coffee never, occasionally, 1-2 cups (150-300 mL)/d, and >/=3 cups/d were 1.00, 0.88 (0.73-1.06), 0.82 (0.66-1.02), and 0.75 (0.53-1.05), respectively (P-trend = 0.04). For CVD mortality in women, the multivariate HR (95% CI) were 1.00, 0.56 (0.36-0.86), 0.48 (0.29-0.80), and 0.45 (0.20-1.03), respectively (P-trend = 0.006). Of the specific CVD diseases, there was a strong inverse association between coffee consumption and mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD) in women (P-trend = 0.02) but not in men. Death due to cancer was not associated with coffee consumption in either men or women, except for colorectal cancer in women. Our results suggest that coffee may have favorable effects on morality due to all causes and to CVD, especially CHD, in women"
  • Caffeine Intake is Associated with a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline: A Cohort Study from Portugal - J Alzheimers Dis. 2010 Feb 24 - "Caffeine intake (> 62 mg/day [3rd third] vs. < 22 mg/day [1st third]) was associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline in women (RR=0.49, 95%CI 0.24-0.97), but not significantly in men (RR=0.65, 95%CI 0.27-1.54)" - Note:  I don't know how they determine that 0.65 isn't significant.
  • Caffeine as a Protective Factor in Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease - J Alzheimers Dis. 2010 Feb 24 - "In the CAIDE study, coffee drinking of 3-5 cups per day at midlife was associated with a decreased risk of dementia/AD by about 65% at late-life. In conclusion, coffee drinking may be associated with a decreased risk of dementia/AD. This may be mediated by caffeine and/or other mechanisms like antioxidant capacity and increased insulin sensitivity. This finding might open possibilities for prevention or postponing the onset of dementia/AD"
  • Effects of coffee consumption on subclinical inflammation and other risk factors for type 2 diabetes: a clinical trial - Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Feb 24 - "Significant changes were also observed for serum concentrations of interleukin-18, 8-isoprostane, and adiponectin (medians: -8%, -16%, and 6%, respectively; consumption of 8 compared with 0 cups coffee/d). Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A-I increased significantly by 12%, 7%, and 4%, respectively, whereas the ratios of LDL to HDL cholesterol and of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-I decreased significantly by 8% and 9%, respectively (8 compared with 0 cups coffee/d)"
  • Coffee consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in men and women with normal glucose tolerance: The Strong Heart Study - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Feb 17 - "Compared to those who did not drink coffee, participants who drank 12 or more cups of coffee daily had 67% less risk of developing diabetes during the follow-up (hazard ratio: 0.33, 95% confidence interval: 0.13, 0.81)"
  • Influence of coffee and caffeine consumption on atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Feb 16 - "Coffee and caffeine consumption influence spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation. Normotensive non-habitual coffee consumers are more likely to convert arrhythmia within 48h from the onset of symptoms. Hypertensive patients showed a U-shaped relationship between coffee consumption and spontaneous conversion of AF, moderate coffee consumers were less likely to show spontaneous conversion of arrhythmia. Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy showed a reduced rate of spontaneous conversion of arrhythmia"
  • Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Feb - "caffeinated (CC) and one cup of decaffeinated (DC) Italian espresso coffee ... Subjects ingested one cup of caffeinated (CC) and one cup of decaffeinated (DC) Italian espresso coffee in random order at 5- to 7-day intervals.Results:Following CC ingestion, FMD decreased progressively and significantly (mean+/-s.e.m.: 0 min, 7.7+/-0.6; 30 min, 6.3+/-0.7; 60 min, 6.0+/-0.8%; ANOVA (analysis of variance), P<0.05), but it did not significantly increase after DC ingestion (0 min, 6.9+/-0.6; 30 min, 8.1+/-0.9; 60 min, 8.5+/-0.9%; P=0.115). Similarly, CC significantly increased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure; this effect was not observed after DC ingestion. Blood glucose concentrations remained unchanged after ingestion of both CC and DC, but insulin (0 min, 15.8+/-0.9; 60 min, 15.0+/-0.8 muU/ml; P<0.05) and C-peptide (0 min, 1.25+/-0.09; 60 min, 1.18+/-0.09 ng/ml; P<0.01) blood concentrations decreased significantly only after CC ingestion.Conclusions:CC acutely induced unfavorable cardiovascular effects, especially on endothelial function. In the fasting state, insulin secretion is also likely reduced after CC ingestion"
  • Coffee consumption and risk of heart failure in men: an analysis from the Cohort of Swedish Men - Am Heart J. 2009 Oct;158(4):667-72 - "Compared to men who drank <or=1 cup of coffee per day (unadjusted rate 29.9 HF events/10,000 person-years), RR were 0.87 (95% CI 0.69-1.11, unadjusted rate 29.2/10,000 person-years) for 2 cups/d, 0.89 (95% CI 0.70-1.14, unadjusted rate 25.1/10,000 person-years) for 3 cups/d, 0.89 (95% CI 0.69-1.15, unadjusted rate 25.0/10,000 person-years) for 4 cups/d, and 0.89 (95% CI 0.69-1.15, unadjusted rate 18.1/10,000 person-years) for >or=5 cups/d (P for trend in RR = .61) ... This study did not support the hypothesis that high coffee consumption is associated with increased rates of HF hospitalization or mortality"
  • Obesity, coffee consumption and CRP levels in postmenopausal overweight/obese women: importance of hormone replacement therapy use - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sep 16 - "Plasma CRP was positively associated with BMI (P<0.001) and negatively associated with coffee consumption (P</=0.05). In women using HRT, plasma CRP was positively associated with BMI in women consuming less than one cup of coffee per month (r (2)=0.15 (P<0.001)), one cup per day (0.14 (P=0.02)) and more than one cup per day (0.12 (P=0.03)). In women who did not use HRT, CRP was associated with BMI only in women consuming less than one cup of coffee per day (r (2)=0.16 (P<0.001)) but not in women consuming one cup per day (0.06 (P=0.10)) or more than one daily cup of coffee"
  • Coffee and tea consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes - Diabetologia. 2009 Sep 1 - "After adjustment for potential confounders, coffee and tea consumption were both inversely associated with type 2 diabetes, with hazard ratios of 0.77 (95% CI 0.63-0.95) for 4.1-6.0 cups of coffee per day (p for trend = 0.033) and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.47-0.86) for >5.0 cups of tea per day (p for trend = 0.002). Total daily consumption of at least three cups of coffee and/or tea reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by approximately 42%"
  • Consumption of filtered and boiled coffee and the risk of first acute myocardial infarction; a nested case/referent study - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Aug 18 - "Consumption of filtered coffee was positively associated with the risk of a first MI in men. A similar tendency was observed for boiled coffee in women, but the result was not statistically significant in multivariate analysis"
  • Coffee drinking and risk of endometrial cancer-A population-based cohort study - Int J Cancer. 2009 Apr 27 - "Each additional cup (200 g) of coffee per day was associated with a rate ratio (RR) of 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.83-0.97]. In women drinking 4 or more cups of coffee a day, the RR for the risk reduction of endometrial cancer was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.58-0.97) when compared with those who drank 1 cup or less"
  • Effect of Coffee and Green Tea Consumption on the Risk of Liver Cancer: Cohort Analysis by Hepatitis Virus Infection Status - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Jun;18(6):1746-1753 - "Compared with almost never drinkers, increased coffee consumption was associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer in all subjects (hazard ratio for <1, 1-2, and >/=3 cups/d; P(trend) = 0.67, 0.49, 0.54, and 0.025). A similar risk tendency was observed in those with either or both HCV and HBV infection. In contrast, no association was observed between green tea consumption and the risk of liver cancer in all subjects"
  • Coffee, black tea and risk of gastric cancer - Cancer Causes Control. 2009 May 12 - "Our investigation, based on a uniquely large dataset, provides convincing evidence that coffee and black tea consumption is unlikely to be strongly associated with gastric cancer risk"
  • Coffee consumption and mortality after acute myocardial infarction: The Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program - Am Heart J. 2009 Mar;157(3):495-501 - "Self-reported coffee consumption at the time of hospitalization for myocardial infarction was inversely associated with subsequent postinfarction mortality in this population with broad coffee intake"
  • Acute Effects Of Decaffeinated Coffee And The Major Coffee Components Chlorogenic Acid And Trigonelline On Glucose Tolerance - Diabetes Care. 2009 Mar 26 - "Coffee consumption has been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the acute effects of decaffeinated coffee and the major coffee components chlorogenic acid and trigonelline on glucose tolerance ... Randomized cross-over trial of the effects of 12 g decaffeinated coffee, 1 g chlorogenic acid, 500 mg trigonelline, and placebo (1 g mannitol) on glucose and insulin concentrations during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in fifteen overweight men ... Chlorogenic acid and trigonelline ingestion significantly reduced glucose (-0.7 mmol/L p=0.007 and -0.5 mmol/L p=0.024 respectively) and insulin (-73 pmol/L p=0.038 and -117 pmol/L p=0.007 respectively) concentrations 15 minutes following an OGTT as compared with placebo. None of the treatments affected insulin and glucose area under the curve values during the OGTT as compared with placebo ... Chlorogenic acid and trigonelline reduced early glucose and insulin responses during an OGTT"
  • Coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among women with type 2 diabetes - Diabetologia. 2009 Mar 6 - "After adjustment for age, smoking and other cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risks were 0.76 (95% CI 0.50-1.14) for cardiovascular diseases (p trend = 0.09) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.55-1.14) for all-cause mortality (p trend = 0.05) for the consumption of >/=4 cups/day of caffeinated coffee compared with non-drinkers. Similarly, multivariable RRs were 0.96 (95% CI 0.66-1.38) for cardiovascular diseases (p trend = 0.84) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.54-1.07) for all-cause mortality (p trend = 0.08) for the consumption of >/=2 cups/day of decaffeinated coffee compared with non-drinkers. Higher decaffeinated coffee consumption was associated with lower concentrations of HbA(1c) (6.2% for >/=2 cups/day versus 6.7% for <1 cup/month; p trend = 0.02)"
  • Coffee Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality among Men with Type 2 Diabetes - Diabetes Care. 2009 Feb 19 - "These data indicate that regular coffee consumption is not associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases or mortality in diabetic men"
  • Caffeinated Coffee Consumption, Cardiovascular Disease, and Heart Valve Disease in the Elderly (from the Framingham Study) - Am J Cardiol. 2008 Dec 1;102(11):1502-8. Epub 2008 Sep 11 - "A significant negative association between caffeinated coffee consumption and CHD mortality was observed for subjects with systolic blood pressure (BP) <160 mm Hg and diastolic BP <100 mm Hg. The decrease in risk of CHD mortality for any caffeinated coffee versus none was 43% (95% confidence interval 9 to 64). This decreased risk appeared to be caused primarily by an inverse prospective relation between caffeinated coffee consumption and the development or progression of heart valve disease. The decrease in risk of heart valve disease for subjects with systolic BP <160 mm Hg and diastolic BP <100 mm Hg for any caffeinated coffee versus none was 43%"
  • Higher regular coffee and tea consumption is associated with reduced endometrial cancer risk - Int J Cancer. 2008 Oct 30 - "Compared to nondrinkers, we observed a nonsignificant negative association with endometrial cancer risk among women who reported >2 cups/d regular coffee (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.49-1.03), a significant inverse association with >2 cups/d black tea (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.90) and a significant inverse association with >4 cups/d combined coffee and tea consumption (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.28-0.80). These findings suggest coffee and tea may be important in reducing endometrial cancer risk"
  • Coffee consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: A prospective study in Japan - Int J Cancer. 2008 Aug 18 - "After adjustment for age, study area, body mass index, menopausal status, age at menopause for postmenopausal women, parity, use of exogenous female hormones, smoking status and by consumption of green vegetables, beef, pork and green tea, the multivariate HRs (95% CI) of endometrial cancer in women who drank coffee </=2 days/week, 3-4 days/week, 1-2 cups/day and >/=3 cups/day were 1.00, 0.97 (0.56-1.68), 0.61 (0.39-0.97) and 0.38 (0.16-0.91), respectively ... Coffee consumption may be associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer"
  • The relationship of coffee consumption with mortality - Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jun 17;148(12):904-14 - "Regular coffee consumption was not associated with an increased mortality rate in either men or women. The possibility of a modest benefit of coffee consumption on all-cause and CVD mortality needs to be further investigated"
  • Timing of Blood Pressure Measurement Related to Caffeine Consumption (January) - Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Dec 19 - "Reviews of caffeine's acute effect on blood pressure indicate changes of 3-15 mm Hg systolic and 4-13 mm Hg diastolic. Typically, blood pressure changes occur within 30 minutes, peak in 1-2 hours, and may persist for more than 4 hours"
  • Coffee, caffeine, and coronary heart disease - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007 Nov;10(6):745-51 - "Diterpenes present in unfiltered coffee and caffeine each appear to increase risk of coronary heart disease. A lower risk of coronary heart disease among moderate coffee drinkers might be due to antioxidants found in coffee"
  • Coffee consumption is associated with higher plasma adiponectin concentrations in women with and without type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study - Diabetes Care. 2007 Dec 10 - "High consumption of caffeine-containing coffee is associated with higher adiponectin and lower inflammatory marker concentrations"
  • Coffee consumption and mortality in a 14-year follow-up of an elderly northern Finnish population - Br J Nutr. 2007 Dec 6;:1-8 - "The total mortality rate was inversely related to the number of cups (average volume, 125 ml) of coffee consumed daily. After adjustment for age, sub-period of follow-up, sex, marital status, basic educational level, previous occupational group, current smoking, BMI, history of myocardial infarction, self-rated health and presence of diabetes, cognitive impairment or physical disability, the estimated relative risk reduction of total mortality per an increment of one more cup of coffee per d reported at baseline was 4 (95 % CI 0, 8) % ... The present study provides evidence for daily (caffeine-containing) coffee intake being inversely associated with mortality in the elderly"
  • Intakes of coffee, tea, milk, soda and juice and renal cell cancer in a pooled analysis of 13 prospective studies - Int J Cancer. 2007 Jun 21 - "Coffee consumption was associated with a modestly lower risk of renal cell cancer (pooled multivariate RR for 3 or more 8 oz (237 ml) cups/day versus less than one 8 oz (237 ml) cup/day = 0.84 ... Tea consumption was also inversely associated with renal cell cancer risk (pooled multivariate RR for 1 or more 8 oz (237 ml) cups/day versus nondrinkers = 0.85"
  • Coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in a population-based prospective cohort of Japanese men and women - Int J Cancer. 2007 Apr 20 - "We observed a significant inverse association between coffee consumption and the risk of developing invasive colon cancer among women. Compared with those who almost never consumed coffee, women who regularly consumed 3 or more cups of coffee per day had a RR of 0.44 ... In men, no significant decrease was observed in any colorectal cancer site"
  • Coffee consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus - Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(2):161-6 - "Women who reported moderate pre-pregnancy caffeinated coffee intake had a significantly reduced risk of GDM (adjusted RR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29-0.85) compared with non-consumers. No risk reduction was associated with decaffeinated coffee intake"
  • Coffee intake and incidence of hypertension - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):718-23 - "Women who drank >6 cups/d had a lower risk than did women who drank >0-3 cups/d ... Coffee abstinence is associated with a lower hypertension risk than is low coffee consumption. An inverse U-shaped relation between coffee intake and risk of hypertension was observed in the women"
  • Effect of chronic coffee consumption on aortic stiffness and wave reflections in hypertensive patients - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Dec 13 - "Coffee consumption is associated with increased wave reflections, but not aortic stiffness in never-treated hypertensive patients"
  • Does coffee consumption reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose? - Diabetes Care. 2006 Nov;29(11):2385-90 - "Past and current coffee drinkers had a reduced risk of incident diabetes (odds ratio 0.38 [95% CI 0.17-0.87] and 0.36 ... This study confirms a striking protective effect of caffeinated coffee against incident diabetes"
  • Coffee consumption and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in healthy and diabetic women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Oct;84(4):888-93 - "neither caffeinated nor decaffeinated filtered coffee has a detrimental effect on endothelial function. In contrast, the results suggest that coffee consumption is inversely associated with markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction"
  • Coffee consumption is inversely associated with cognitive decline in elderly European men: the FINE Study - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Aug 16 - "consuming coffee reduces cognitive decline in elderly men. An inverse and J-shaped association may exist between the number of cups of coffee consumed and cognitive decline, with the least cognitive decline for men consuming three cups of coffee per day"
  • The relationship between green tea and total caffeine intake and risk for self-reported type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults - Ann Intern Med. 2006 Apr 18;144(8):554-62 - "Consumption of green tea and coffee was inversely associated with risk for diabetes after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and other risk factors. Multivariable odds ratios for diabetes among participants who frequently drank green tea and coffee (> or =6 cups of green tea per day and > or =3 cups of coffee per day) were 0.67 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.94) and 0.58 (CI, 0.37 to 0.90), respectively, compared with those who drank less than 1 cup per week ... Total caffeine intake from these beverages was associated with a 33% reduced risk for diabetes"
  • Consumption of coffee, but not black tea, is associated with decreased risk of premenopausal breast cancer - J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):166-71 - "Among premenopausal women, consumption of regular coffee was associated with linear declines in breast cancer risk (P for trend = 0.03); consumers of >/=4 cups/d experienced a 40% risk reduction"
  • Habitual caffeine intake and the risk of hypertension in women - JAMA. 2005 Nov 9;294(18):2330-5
  • Coffee--poison or medicine? - Ther Umsch. 2005 Sep;62(9):629-33 - "Recent publications suggest that moderate coffee intake does not represent a health hazard, but may even be associated with beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and diabetes"
  • Effect of coffee intake on blood pressure in male habitual alcohol drinkers - Hypertens Res. 2005 Jun;28(6):521-7 - "coffee intake of more than 3 cups per day in hypertensive and prehypertensive men who regularly consume alcohol lowers blood pressure"
  • Coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review - JAMA. 2005 Jul 6;294(1):97-104 - "This systematic review supports the hypothesis that habitual coffee consumption is associated with a substantially lower risk of type 2 diabetes"
  • Chronic coffee consumption has a detrimental effect on aortic stiffness and wave reflections - Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jun;81(6):1307-12 - "Chronic coffee consumption exerts a detrimental effect on aortic stiffness and wave reflections, which may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease"
  • Coffee Intake and Risk of Hypertension: The Johns Hopkins Precursors Study - Archives of Internal Medicine, 3/26/02 - "After adjustment for the variables listed above, however, these associations were not statistically significant ... Conclusion  Over many years of follow-up, coffee drinking is associated with small increases in blood pressure, but appears to play a small role in the development of hypertension"

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