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Hyperthyroidism

Alternative News:

• N-Acetylcysteine and Safranal prevented the brain damage induced by hyperthyroidism in adult male rats - Nutr Neurosci. 2020 Apr 7 - "Hyperthyroidism is associated with impairment in the neurotransmission and severe tissue damage in the brain ... The ameliorative effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC; 50 mg/kg, oral) and safranal (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) against hyperthyroidism (L-T4 500 µg/kg, subcutaneous) were investigated. All treatments continued daily over three weeks. Hyperthyroidism was manifested by significant elevations in serum fT3 and fT4 levels and a decline in serum TSH level and body weight. It was also characterized by significant elevations in the levels of dopamine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, and monoamine oxidase activity to varying degrees in the brain regions examined and a significant reduction in norepinephrine in hippocampus only. Hyperthyroidism resulted in a significant oxidative stress in brain typified by elevations in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide content and reductions in glutathione level and SOD and catalase activities. This led to elevations in Caspases 9 and 3 and a reduction in Bcl2 resulting in DNA damage and confirmed by the histopathology of brain tissue. The administration of NAC or safranal with L-T4 prevented these deleterious effects by reducing the oxidative load and improving the brain antioxidant status" - See N-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com and Saffron supplements at Amazon.com.

Other News:

• Erectile Dysfunction Prevalence Spikes in Hyperthyroid Men - Medscape, 5/2/23 - "The odds ratio for having ED was significantly higher in men with hyperthyroidism compared with those without hyperthyroidism in the study from China, at 1.74, and also in the meta-analysis, which produced a significant odds ratio of 1.73"
• Abnormal thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy may increase the risk of preschool boys’ behavioral problems - Science Daily, 1/6/22 - "The researchers found boys born to mothers with high thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy were more likely to be withdrawn, have behavioral problems and be anxious or depressed. Moderate and low thyroid hormone levels were associated with aggressive behavior in preschool boys."
• Lower Thyroid Hormone Levels a Red Flag for Elevated Suicide Risk? - Medscape, 10/12/21 - "thyroid hormones are known to have a "profound" effect on mood and behavior ... Recent studies show "various degrees of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis dysregulation are associated with suicidal behavior" in patients with depression ... Fasting blood samples were also tested for free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and TSH levels ... Suicidal ideation was associated with higher scores on the PHQ-9 (15.5 vs 13.3; P = .085), and with lower TSH levels (1.54 IU/L vs 2.04 IU/L ... There were no significant associations between serum FT4 and FT3 levels and suicidal ideation"
• High Thyroid-Hormone Levels Linked to Increased CVD Mortality - Medscape, 11/14/17 - "High and high-normal levels of the thyroid hormone free thyroxine (FT4) were associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among middle-aged and elderly individuals, independently of cardiovascular risk factors ... increasing FT4 levels were associated with: ... More than twice the odds of having high CAC scores (odds ratio [OR] 2.28 ... An 87% greater risk of suffering an atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular event (hazard ratio [HR] 1.87 ... More than double the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular death, which increased in a linear manner with higher FT4 levels (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.68–3.47 per 1 ng/dL) and lower TSH levels (HR 0.92"
• High Thyroid Function Linked to Dementia - Medscape, 10/23/15 - "those with higher thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) levels — typically a sign of an underactive thyroid — had a lower risk of dementia (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64–0.91) ... Meanwhile, higher levels of free thyroxine 4 (T4) — a sign of an overactive thyroid — were associated with a significantly higher risk of dementia (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07) ... Higher TSH levels in women were linked to an absolute 10-year risk of dementia that was decreased from 6% to nearly 3%; however, a similar effect was not seen in men ... A novel issue is that the effects of thyroid excess are evident only in women, suggesting that this effect is mediated by some other key factor, which may possibly be estrogen exposure"
• Active thyroid may raise risk of depression in older individuals - Science Daily, 2/20/14 - "older individuals with thyroid activity at the high end of the normal range had a substantially increased risk of developing depression over the course of an eight-year period compared to individuals who had less thyroid activity within the normal range ... people with even minor changes in thyroid function may experience similar mental health effects as those with overt thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism ... researchers measured participants' TSH levels and gauged their depression symptoms using a question"
• Higher Serum Free Thyroxine Levels Are Associated with Coronary Artery Disease - Endocr J. 2008 May 23 - "The relative risk (RR) for CAD in highest tertile of FT(4 )showed increased risk compared with the lowest tertile (RR 1.98; 95% CI 0.98-3.99, p<0.001). Our study showed that FT(4 )levels were associated with the presence and the severity of CAD. Also, this study suggests that elevated serum FT(4 )levels even within normal range could be a risk factor for CAD"
• Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Hyper- and Hypothyroidism: how Common and Should We Treat? - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Feb 12 - "ED was more prevalent in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism compared to controls ... ED is extremely common in males with dysthyroidism. Treatment of the latter restores erectile function"
• Overactive Thyroid Associated With Development of Abnormal Heart Rhythm - Doctor's Guide, 3/2/06
• Too Much Thyroid Hormone Can Harm Fetus - WebMD, 8/10/04
• Scientists Close in on Graves' Disease - WebMD, 7/10/03
• Consider Early Antithyroid Therapy In Endogenous Subclinical Hyperthyroidism - Doctor's Guide, 4/16/03
• Treatment with 131I Safe and Effective for Hyperthyroidism from Toxic Adenoma - Doctor's Guide, 9/9/02
• Correcting Male Hyperthyroidism Improves Seminal Abnormalities - Doctor's Guide, 8/21/02
• No Direct Relationship Between Elevated Cytokines and Bone Resorption in Hyperthyroidism - Doctor's Guide, 8/5/02
• Triiodothyronine After Thyroidectomy or T4 Withdrawal May Be Unnecessary - Doctor's Guide, 6/24/02
• Hypocalcaemia Most Frequent Postoperative Complication Of Total Thyroidectomy - Doctor's Guide, 4/24/02
• Fewer Postoperative Complaints with Endoscopic than Open Thyroidectomy - Doctor's Guide, 3/18/02
• Subclinical Hyperthyroidism May Increase Alzheimer's And Dementia Risk - Doctor's Guide, 2/5/01

Abstracts:

• Normal-range thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and cardiovascular events and mortality in type 2 diabetes - Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Oct 16 - "Higher TSH levels within the normal range are associated with a lower risk of stroke in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, but not associated with the risk of other cardiovascular events or mortality"
• Thyroid function and the risk of dementia: The Rotterdam Study - Neurology. 2016 Sep 16 - "Higher TSH was associated with lower dementia risk in both the full and normal ranges of thyroid function (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83-0.98; and HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.91, respectively). This association was independent of cardiovascular risk factors. Dementia risk was higher in individuals with higher free thyroxine (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07). Absolute 10-year dementia risk decreased from 15% to 10% with higher TSH in older women. Higher TSH was associated with better global cognitive scores"
• Does low-normal serum TSH level adversely impact cognition in elderly adults and might methimazole therapy improve outcomes? - Endocr J. 2016 Apr 6 - "Untreated subjects with lower TSH showed the greatest declines in MMSE scores during follow-up that was not observed in those with serum TSH ≥1.0 μIU/mL"
• Thyroid Function Within the Normal Range and the Risk of Depression: A Population-Based Cohort Study - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Feb 24 - "Overt hypo- and hyperthyroidism are associated with an increased risk of depression ... depressive symptoms [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)] were assessed. A CES-D of 16 or greater is indicative of a depressive disorder ... follow-up (mean 8.0 y) ... persons in the lowest TSH tertile (0.3-1.0 mU/L) had more depressive symptoms [CES-D score (mean): 7.95 vs 6.63, P = .014] as well as an increased risk of a CES-D of 16 or greater [10.7% vs 5.0%, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 2.22 (1.18-4.17)], compared with persons in the highest normal range TSH tertile (1.6-4.0 mU/L)"
• Endogenous subclinical thyroid disorders, physical and cognitive function, depression and mortality in older individuals - Eur J Endocrinol. 2011 Jul 18 - "To what extent endogenous subclinical thyroid disorders contribute to impaired physical and cognitive function, depression and mortality in older individuals remains a matter of debate ... Participants with overt thyroid disease or use of thyroid medication were excluded ... Sixty-four (5.3%) individuals had subclinical hypothyroidism and 34 (2.8%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism. As compared to euthyroidism (n=1121), subclinical hypo- and hyperthyroidism were not significantly associated with impairment of physical or cognitive function, or depression. On the contrary, participants with subclinical hypothyroidism did less often report more than one activity limitation (odds ratio 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22 to 0.86). After a median follow-up of 10.7 years 601 participants were deceased. Subclinical hypo- and hyperthyroidism were not associated with increased overall mortality risk (hazard ratio 0.89 , 95% CI 0.59 to 1.35 and 0.69, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.20, respectively). Conclusions. The present study does not support disadvantageous effects of subclinical thyroid disorders on physical or cognitive function, depression or mortality in an older population"
• Is the association between overt hyperthyroidism and mortality causal? Critical review and meta-analysis - Eur J Endocrinol. 2011 Jul 1 - "In patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism mortality is increased by approximately 20%"
• Natural history of subclinical hyperthyroidism in elderly patients with TSH between 0.1 and 0.4 mIU/l: a prospective study - Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2010 May;72(5):685 - "In elderly patients with endogenous SCH and TSH between 0.1 and 0.4 mIU/l progression to clinical hyperthyroidism is uncommon (approximately 1% per year), spontaneous TSH normalization may occur, and persistence of SCH for many years is the most likely"
• Natural history of subclinical hyperthyroidism in elderly patients with TSH between 0.1 and 0.4 mIU/L: a prospective study - Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2009 Sep 10 - "subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) ... The only independent predictor of progression of SCH was an initial TSH value < 0.2 mIU/L. Conclusions: In elderly patients with endogenous SCH and TSH between 0.1 and 0.4 mIU/L progression to clinical hyperthyroidism is uncommon (approximately 1% per year), spontaneous TSH normalization may occur, and persistence of SCH for many years is the most likely"