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Anti-aging Research > Telomerase
Telomere
TA65®: the world’s first proven telomerase activator
I'm surprised that the below abstract regarding
vitamin D being associated with longer leukocyte telomere length didn't
hit the news. Telomere length is believed to be and important
factor in anti-aging. The way I understand it, when they cloned
Dolly (Sheep)
she was six years old when she was born because she had the telomere
length of her mother when she was born. Some theorize that was the
reason she had the diseases of old age such at arthritis at a young age
and died young. I understand that on Dolly's offspring, the
telomere length was reset to normal.
News and Research:
- Telomere - Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia - "it has been hypothesized
that there is a trade-off between cancerous tumor suppression and tissue
repair capacity, in that lengthening telomeres might slow aging and in
exchange increase vulnerability to cancer (Weinstein and Ciszek, 2002)"
- Dolly (sheep) -
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - "A Finn Dorset
such as Dolly would have had a life expectancy of around 12 - 15 years, but
Dolly only lived to 6 years of age. Some believe the reason for this is
because Dolly was actually born genetically 6 years old, the same age as her
donor at the time that her genetic data was taken from her"
-
Stress Promotes Cell Aging - About.com - "The telomeres of the women
suffering from severe stress (those caring for a chronically ill child) had
undergone shortening equivalent to about 10 years of additional aging when
compared with those of less-stressed women"
-
Key to aging? Key molecular switch for telomere extension by telomerase
identified - Science Daily, 11/23/11
-
Depression and chronic stress accelerates aging - Science Daily, 11/9/11
- "The telomere is the outermost part of the
chromosome. With increasing age, telomeres shorten, and studies have shown
that oxidative stress and inflammation accelerates this shortening. On this
basis it has been suggested that telomere length is a measure of biological
aging, and telomere length has subsequently been linked to age-related
diseases, unhealthy lifestyle, and longevity. The research team shows that
shorter telomere length is associated with both recurrent depression and
cortisol levels indicative of exposure to chronic stress"
-
Telomere length linked to emphysema risk - Science Daily, 7/15/11 -
"in mice that have short telomeres, there was a
significant increased risk of developing emphysema after exposure to
cigarette smoke" - That's something I guessed before I read the
article. Short telomeres seems to leave you more susceptible to most
diseases.
-
Chronic stress of cancer causes accelerated telomere shortening -
Science Daily, 4/2/11
-
Aging Ills Reversed in Mice - WSJ.com, 11/28/10 -
"This appears to be the first time that some age-related problems in animals
have actually been reversed ... These mice were equivalent to 80-year-old humans
and were about to pass away ... After the experiment, "they were the
physiological equivalent of young adults." ... As people age, low levels of
telomerase are linked to the erosion of telomeres ... The researchers had
devised an estrogen-based drug that would switch on the animals' dormant
telomerase gene, known as TERT ... A month later, the treated mice showed
surprising signs of rejuvenation. Overall, their telomeres had lengthened and
the levels of telomerase had increased" - [U.S.
News]
- Some interesting info on telomeres that someone sent:
-
New 3-D
model of RNA 'core domain' of enzyme telomerase may offer clues to cancer, aging
- Science Daily, 11/3/10 - "Some people think if we
activate telomerase, we can live forever. However, we don't want our cells to be
able to divide indefinitely. As they get older and older, they accumulate all
kinds of DNA damage and defects; that is why we don't want to have a high level
of telomerase activity in most of our cells"
-
-
Telomere Length Linked to Outcomes in Aplastic Anemia - nih.gov,
9/27/10 - "Aplastic anemia patients with shorter
chromosome tips, or telomeres, have a lower survival rate and are much
more likely to relapse after treatment than those with longer telomeres
... the blood cells of some patients with severe aplastic anemia disease
have extremely short telomeres ... nearly 60% of the patients responded
to immunosuppressive therapy. Of those who responded, the patients with
the shortest telomeres were most likely to have a later relapse. The
scientists found that the rate of relapse dropped as telomere lengths
increased ... The group of patients with the shortest telomeres was also
at greater risk for a conversion to bone marrow cancer (24%) than the
other 3 groups (3% to 13%). Survival rates differed as well. Only 66% of
patients with the shortest telomeres survived at least 6 years, compared
to an 84% survival rate for the other 3 groups combined"
-
Happy Healthy Long Life: There's No Way Around It: If You Want to Live
Longer You've Just Got to Do It! Get Out There & Exercise! - 2/6/08
- "by the time you're 65, well, there's just not
that much left. Which is exactly why not too many of us make it past 80,
90 or 100. Not to get you even more depressed about your rapidly
shrinking telomeres, but there have been a number of studies that have
shown how stress, especially in caregiver's of chronically ill children
and spouses of Alzheimer's patients have accelerated telomere shrinking.
One study even suggested that you can accelerate your biological age by
as much as 17 years if you're exposed to what you perceive as high
psychological stress! ... it looks as if it's a safe bet to start
lengthening your telomeres now, by EXERCISING!"
-
Telomere length affects colorectal cancer risk - Science Daily, 10/28/10
- "Patients with the longest telomeres -- those
patients in the 95th percentile of telomere length -- were 30 percent more
likely to develop colorectal cancer than those in the 50th percentile, the
results showed. Overall, the individuals with the shortest and the longest
telomere lengths were at an increased risk for colorectal cancer"
-
Can a new supplement boost immunity, slow aging? - USA Today, 9/8/10 -
"The research, published in the scientific journal
Rejuvenation Research, reports on a year-long study on a dietary supplement
called Telomerase Activator TA-65, which researchers believe may help
reverse the aging process by lengthening telomeres — the caps on the ends of
chromosomes that keep DNA intact as cells divide. Shortened telomeres are
linked with aging and a lowered immune response"
-
Patton Protocol
- tasciences.com - "Version 1: “A La Carte” Options
for products and bloodwork ... 1.6 months supply of TA-65, product only:
$4,000 ... initial tests cost $2,890 ... If you choose to begin the full
Patton Protocol, it consists of 6 month segments. Each segment costs $6,225"
-
Short Telomeres Tied to Cancer Risk - Medscape, 7/9/10 -
"short telomere length was associated with a 60%
increased risk for subsequent cancer"
-
Telomeres: Size matters when it comes to DNA - Science Daily, 6/9/10 -
"Telomere shortening can be reversed in two specific
ways: ... a protein termed telomerase can directly add new DNA to the end of
telomeres ... The second method is much less understood but most likely
involves the copying of information from one telomere to another"
-
Brief exercise reduces impact of stress on cell aging, study shows -
Science Daily, 5/27/10 - "A growing body of research
suggests that short telomeres are linked to a range of health problems,
including coronary heart disease and diabetes, as well as early death ... In
the study, 62 post-menopausal women -- many of whom were caring for spouses
or parents with dementia ... when participants were divided into groups --
an inactive group, and an active group (i.e., they met federal
recommendations for 75 minutes of weekly physical activity) -- only the
inactive high stress group had shorter telomeres. The active high stress
group did not have shorter telomeres. In other words, stress predicted
shorter telomeres in the sedentary group, but not in the active group"
-
Long
telomeres can be linked to poorer memory - Science Daily, 4/26/10
-
Excessive alcohol consumption may lead to increased cancer risk -
Science Daily, 4/21/10 - "Researchers have detected
a link between alcohol consumption, cancer and aging that starts at the
cellular level with telomere shortening ... Telomeres are found at the
region of DNA sequences at the end of a chromosome, and are important for
the genetic stability of cells. As people age, telomere length shortens
progressively ... Since telomere shortening is thought to increase cancer
risk, the researchers speculated that those with shorter telomeres due to
heavy alcohol consumption would have an increased risk of cancer ...
telomere length was dramatically shortened in those who consumed heavy
amounts of alcohol; telomere length was nearly half as long as telomere
length in the non-abusers (0.41 vs. 0.79 relative units)"
-
Cancer, aging: Key interaction that controls telomeres discovered -
Science Daily, 2/17/10
-
Association of marine omega-3 fatty acid levels with telomeric aging in
patients with coronary heart disease - JAMA. 2010 Jan 20;303(3):250-7 -
"Individuals in the lowest quartile of DHA+EPA
experienced the fastest rate of telomere shortening (0.13
telomere-to-single-copy gene ratio [T/S] units over 5 years; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 0.09-0.17), whereas those in the highest quartile experienced
the slowest rate of telomere shortening (0.05 T/S units over 5 years; 95%
CI, 0.02-0.08; P < .001 for linear trend across quartiles). Levels of
DHA+EPA were associated with less telomere shortening before (unadjusted
beta coefficient x 10(-3) = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02-0.10) and after (adjusted
beta coefficient x 10(-3) = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01-0.08) sequential adjustment
for established risk factors and potential confounders. Each 1-SD increase
in DHA+EPA levels was associated with a 32% reduction in the odds of
telomere shortening (adjusted odds ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47-0.98)" - See
Mega Twin EPA at iHerb
and
Jarrow Max DHA at iHerb.
-
High Omega-3 Levels May Slow Aging in Heart Patients - WebMD, 1/19/10 -
"Heart disease patients with the highest blood
levels of omega-3 fatty acids appear to age more slowly than those with the
lowest blood levels ... Farzaneh-Far and his colleagues looked at a marker
of biological age -- the rate of shortening of telomeres, structures at the
end of a chromosome involved in its replication and stability. As the
telomeres shorten over time, the eventual result is cell death, scientists
believe ... In the new study, the higher the blood levels of omega-3 fatty
acids in the patients evaluated, the slower the rate of telomere shortening
... patients with the lowest blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids exhibited a
rate of telomere shortening 2.6 times faster than patients with the highest
levels of omega-3 fatty acids" - See
Mega Twin EPA at iHerb
and
Jarrow Max DHA at iHerb.
-
Calorie restriction: Scientists take important step toward 'fountain of
youth' - Science Daily, 12/26/09 - "They found
that the normal cells lived longer, and many of the precancerous cells died,
when given less glucose. Gene activity was also measured under these same
conditions. The reduced glucose caused normal cells to have a higher
activity of the gene that dictates the level of telomerase, an enzyme that
extends their lifespan and lower activity of a gene (p16) that slows their
growth. Epigenetic effects (effects not due to gene mutations) were found to
be a major cause in changing the activity of these genes as they reacted to
decreased glucose levels" - See my
Insulin and Aging page. Insulin controls glucose levels.
Insulin resistance causes high glucose.
-
Look Young to Live Longer? - WebMD, 12/15/09 -
"Perceived age, the researchers say, adjusted for chronological age and sex,
also correlated with physical and cognitive functioning, as well as length
of leukocyte telomeres - chromosome tips on DNA of people's white blood
cells ... Shorter telomere length is associated with a “host of diseases
related to aging and lifestyle factors and has been shown to be associated
with mortality,”"
-
Long-term physical activity has an anti-aging effect at the cellular level
- Science Daily, 12/2/09
-
Molecular Proof: Exercise Keeps You Young - WebMD, 12/1/09 -
"Compared to people who did not exercise, elite
runners in the study had cells that looked much younger under a microscope
... Just as the plastic tips on the ends of shoelaces keep the laces from
fraying, telomeres protect the chromosomes that carry genes during cell
division ... Each time a cell divides, telomeres get shorter. When telomeres
get too short, cells can no longer divide and they die ... Researchers now
believe telomere shortening is critical to aging, making people more
vulnerable to diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer ... That
study suggested exercise might trump genes when it comes to keeping people
young" - [U.S.
News & World Report]
-
Longevity Tied To Genes That Preserve Tips Of Chromosomes - Science
Daily, 11/11/09
-
Tea consumers may have younger biological age - Nutra USA, 8/25/09 -
"The study’s findings are based on the telomere
lengths of 976 Chinese men and 1,030 Chinese women aged over 65. The
participants’ dietary habits were evaluated using a food frequency
questionnaire ... Overall, only tea consumption was associated with telomere
length. The highest intakes, three cups or 750 millilitres per day, was
associated with significantly longer telomere lengths, compared to people
who drank 70 millilitres per day or less, said the researchers" - [Abstract]
- See
Jarrow green tea extract at iHerb.
-
Multivitamins linked to younger ‘biological age’: Study - Nutra USA,
5/27/09 - "Compared to non-multivitamin users, the
researchers noted that that telomeres were on average 5.1 per cent longer
for daily multivitamin users ... Whereas the evidence is not sufficient to
conclude that these 2 dietary antioxidants mediated the observed relation,
the results are consistent with experimental findings that vitamins C and E
protect telomeres in vitro" - [Abstract]
-
Shortening Telomeres Linked To Aging In Population Studies, But Original
Telomere Length Varies Between Individuals - Science Daily, 2/13/09
-
Clean living 'slows cell ageing' - BBC News, 9/15/08 -
"Among 24 men asked to adopt healthy lifestyle
changes for a US study in The Lancet Oncology, levels of telomerase
increased by 29% on average ... Telomerase repairs and lengthens telomeres,
which cap and protect the ends of chromosomes housing DNA ... These
consisted of a diet high in fruit and vegetables, supplements of vitamins
and fish oils, an exercise regimen and classes in stress management,
relaxation techniques and breathing exercises"
-
Sedentary Lifestyles Associated With Accelerated Aging Process - Science
Daily, 1/28/08 - "Telomere length decreased with age,
with an average loss of 21 nucleotides (structural units) per year. Men and
women who were less physically active in their leisure time had shorter
leukocyte telomeres than those who were more active. ... "The mean difference in
leukocyte telomere length between the most active [who performed an average of
199 minutes of physical activity per week] and least active [16 minutes of
physical activity per week] subjects was 200 nucleotides, which means that the
most active subjects had telomeres the same length as sedentary individuals up
to 10 years younger, on average."" - I'm must be in fat city on
this one. I must have averaged 60 minutes per day since I've been 18
which comes to 420 minutes per week. Maybe that's the main reason
people claim I look young. Plus I've always taken vitamin D which helps with
telomere length also. - Ben
-
Live longer with vitamin D, study says - Nutra USA, 11/9/07
-
Vitamin D 'may help slow ageing' - BBC News, 11/8/07 -
"those with higher vitamin D levels showed fewer
ageing-related changes in their DNA ...women with higher levels of vitamin D
were more likely to have longer telomeres in these cells, and vice versa"
- See
Vitamin D products at iHerb.
-
Decreased Vitamin D Levels Linked to Shorter Telomeres - Doctor's Guide,
6/5/07 - "Investigators found the
difference in TRFL between the highest and lowest tertiles of vitamin D was
92.6 base pairs (P =.006). That result was equivalent to 4.2 years of
telomeric aging"
-
Biological Aging
Predicts Heart Attack - WebMD, 1/11/07 -
"People who age fast -- as measured
by DNA shortening -- have a higher heart disease risk. Statin drugs may help
... Pravachol -- one of the "statin" family of cholesterol-lowering drugs --
dramatically lowered the heart disease risk of people with shorter
telomeres. But the drug seemed to have little effect on heart disease risk
in people with the longest telomeres"
-
Does Telomere Shortening Predict Dementia? A Critical Review - Doctor's
Guide, 4/24/06 - "Telomere lengths
in both the dementia and non-dementia patients showed no significant decline
with age"
-
Tiny
Roundworm's Telomeres Help Scientists To Tease Apart Different Types Of
Aging - Science Daily, 8/8/05 -
"telomeres alone do not dictate aging and lifespan ... For successful aging
you have to control both, aging in your dividing cells, which hinges on
telomere maintenance, but also aging in your non-dividing cells. We thought
that telomeres might play a role in the later but that's clearly not the
case ... What is probably playing a role in the other half of aging is the
insulin signaling pathway, proper mitochondrial function and dietary
restriction"
-
Obesity, Smoking Linked to Faster Aging - WebMD, 6/13/05 -
"Telomeres are the tips of the
chromosomes, which contain DNA. They gradually shorten over a lifetime ...
The difference in telomere length between being lean and being obese
corresponds to 8.8 years of aging ... Obesity and smoking are important risk
factors for many age-related diseases. Both are states of heightened
oxidative stress … and inflammation"
-
Extra Weight May Age You Faster - WebMD, 5/25/05 -
"inflammation burns out white blood
cells faster, and the effort of replacing them wears down the telomeres"
- Chronic Stress Makes Cells Age Faster - WebMD,
11/29/04 - "In
translating telomere length into years of aging, researchers determined the
cells from the highly stressed mothers had aged
from nine to 17 additional years compared with the cells from the low-stress
mothers"
- Shortened Chromosomes Linked To Early Stages Of Cancer Development
- Science Daily, 5/28/04
- Life Span Lives in Length of Chromosomes - WebMD,
1/31/03
- Chromosome Shrinkage May Promote Disease -
Intelihealth, 1/31/03
- Chromosome Ends In Elderly Could Show Mortality Risks
- Doctor's Guide, 1/31/03
-
Telomere Control & Cellular Aging - Life Extension Magazine, 9/02
- Shorter Lifespan Found In Study Of Cloned Mice -
Intelihealth, 2/11/02
-
Cell-life Extender Linked to Cancer - Nutrition Science News, 9/00
-
"Youth" Cells May Promote Cancer - Intelihealth, 6/14/00
-
Cloned Cows Cells Stay Young - Intelihealth, 4/28/00
-
Science takes cellular approach to explore aging process - CNN, 1/4/00
-
The Technology of Immortality - Life Enhancement Magazine, 7/99
-
Cloned sheep Dolly has 'old' DNA - CNN, 5/27/99
-
'Turning on' Telomerase To Stop Cell Aging: The Quest for Immortality -
Life Extension Magazine, 2/98
Abstracts:
-
Telomerase,
telomere length, and coronary artery calcium in black and white men in the
CARDIA study - Atherosclerosis. 2011 Nov 9 -
"Telomerase activity in leukocytes was associated with calcified atherosclerotic
plaque, and was also a predictor of advancing plaque among persons with short
telomeres"
-
Leukocyte
telomere length and physical ability among Danish Twins age 70+ - Mech
Ageing Dev. 2011 Oct 12 - "Leukocyte telomere length
(LTL) shortens with age and is potentially a biomarker of human aging. We
examined the relation of LTL with physical ability and cognitive function in 548
same-sex twins from the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins ... A random
intercept model revealed a positive, significant association between LTL and
physical ability. For every unit increase in physical ability score, LTL
increased by 0.066kb (p=0.01), equal to approximately three years of
age-dependent LTL shortening. A matched case-co-twin design showed that the
group consisting of the twins from each pair with the longer LTL also displayed
better physical ability (p<0.01). Moreover, the intra-pair difference in LTL was
associated with intra-pair difference in physical ability (p<0.01), confirming
the association. However, we found no association between cognitive function and
LTL. The LTL-physical ability association in the elderly provides further
support to the premise that LTL is an index of somatic fitness in the narrow
context of human physical health"
-
Lower
endothelial progenitor cell number, family history of cardiovascular disease and
reduced HDL-cholesterol levels are associated with shorter leukocyte telomere
length in healthy young adults - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Aug 6 -
"LTL resulted inversely correlated with family history
of CVD (t = 2.70; p = 0.009), age (r = -0.238; p = 0.032), waist circumference
(r = -0.256; p = 0.02), triglycerides (r = -0.218; p = 0.049), PAI-1 (r =
-0.288; p = 0.009) and directly correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.316; p =
0.004) and EPC number (r = 0.358; p = 0.002). At a multivariate analysis, family
history of CVD (p = 0.013), EPC count (p = 0.003), and HDL-cholesterol (p =
0.017) were independently associated with LTL (r = 0.62) ... LTL is
independently associated to CV risk factors also in healthy young adults"
-
Telomere
length and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular
hypertrophy: the LIFE study - J Hum Hypertens. 2011 Jun 23 -
"Short telomeres are associated with aging and
age-related diseases ... At baseline, short mean telomere length was associated
with coronary artery disease in males (odds ratio (OR) 0.61, 95% confidence
interval (CI) 0.39-0.95), and transient ischemic attack in females (OR 0.62 95%
CI 0.39-0.99). Proportion of short telomeres (shorter than 5 kb) was associated
with Framingham risk score (r=0.07, P<0.05), cerebrovascular disease (OR 1.18,
95% CI 1.01-1.15) and type 2 diabetes in men (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.11). During
follow-up, proportion of short telomeres was associated with combined
cardiovascular mortality, stroke or angina pectoris (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% CI
1.01-1.07). Telomere length was not associated with smoking, body mass index,
pulse pressure or self-reported use of alcohol. Our data suggest that reduced
leukocyte telomere length is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and
diseases as well as type 2 diabetes, and is a predictor of cardiovascular
disease in elderly patients with hypertension and LVH"
-
The
Association of Telomere Length and Cancer: A Meta-Analysis - Cancer
Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Apr 5 - "Short telomeres
in surrogate tissues (e.g., blood cells) are associated with increased cancer
risk in several case-control studies, but findings are inconsistent in
prospective studies ... Studies on bladder, esophageal, gastric, head and neck,
ovarian, renal, and overall incident cancer found associations between short
telomeres and these cancers. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast, lung and colorectal
cancer reports were inconsistent. Single studies on endometrial, prostate, and
skin cancers were null. In a random effects meta-analysis, short TL was
significantly associated with cancer in retrospective studies (pooled OR for the
shortest TL quartile compared with the longest: 2.9, 95%CI 1.73 - 4.8,
P<0.0001). The pooled OR for prospective studies was 1.16 (95%CI 0.87 - 1.54,
P=0.32). All studies combined yielded a pooled OR of 1.96 (95%CI 1.37 - 2.81,
P=0.0001) for the association of short TL and cancer.Conclusion and Impact:
There is suggestive evidence that short surrogate tissue TL is associated with
cancer; the strongest evidence exists for bladder, esophageal, gastric, and
renal cancers"
-
Pioglitazone
activates aortic telomerase and prevents stress-induced endothelial apoptosis
- Atherosclerosis. 2011 Feb 17 - "Telomeres and associated proteins are
regulators of cellular survival, regeneration and aging. PPAR-γ agonists may
mediate vascular effects in addition to insulin sensitizing. We therefore
examined whether pioglitazone regulates vascular telomere biology ... C57/Bl6
mice were randomized to treatment with pioglitazone (20mg/kg i.p. daily) or
vehicle for 4 weeks (n=6-8 per group). Telomere repeat amplification protocols
showed a 2-fold increase of aortic telomerase activity in the pioglitazone
group. Telomere repeat-binding factor 2 protein and mRNA levels (236%+172% of
vehicle) as well as phosphorylation of protein kinase Akt (479% of vehicle) were
up-regulated. Western blots demonstrated reduced aortic expression of senescence
markers p16, cell-cycle checkpoint kinase 2 and p53. These regulatory mechanisms
were independent of acute changes of telomere length. Similar observations were
made in mononuclear cells (MNC) from these mice and in cultivated bovine aortic
endothelial cells, human MNC and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). Telomerase
activation by pioglitazone in cultivated cells was prevented by Akt inhibitors.
To test the functional relevance of the findings, isolated mononuclear cells
(MNC) were exposed to H(2)O(2). MNC from pioglitazone-treated mice exhibited
reduced apoptosis (AnnexinV-FACS). In vivo, lipopolysaccharide-induced aortic
endothelial apoptosis was potently prevented in pioglitazone-treated animals
(hairpin oligonucleotide assay). Both, up-regulation of telomere-regulating
proteins and prevention of oxidative stress-induced aortic apoptosis, were
absent in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)-deficient mice ... The
findings underscore the important role of telomere-regulating proteins for
vascular cell function and survival" - Note: My doctor says I'm crazy but
I've been taking pioglitazone for anti-aging for years. See pioglitazone at
OffshoreRX.com.
-
Shortened
telomeres in individuals with abuse in alcohol consumption - Int J Cancer.
2011 Feb 23 - "Alcohol abuse leads to earlier onset of
aging-related diseases, including cancer at multiple sites. Shorter telomere
length (TL) in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs), a marker of biological aging,
has been associated with alcohol-related cancer risks ... To investigated the
effect of alcohol abuse on PBL TL and its interaction with alcohol metabolic
genotypes, we examined 200 drunk-driving traffic offenders diagnosed as alcohol
abusers as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
[DSM-IV-TR] and enrolled in a probation program, and 257 social drinkers
(controls) ... TL was nearly halved in alcohol abusers compared to controls (GMs
0.42 vs. 0.87 relative T/S ratio; P<0.0001) and decreased in relation with
increasing drink-units/day (P-trend=0.003). Individuals drinking >4
drink-units/day had substantially shorter TL than those drinking ≤4
drink-units/day (GMs 0.48 vs. 0.61 T/S, P=0.002). Carriers of the common
ADH1B*1/*1 (rs1229984) genotype were more likely to be abusers (P=0.008),
reported higher drink-units/day (P=0.0003), and exhibited shorter TL (P<0.0001).
The rs698 ADH1C and rs671 ALDH2 polymorphisms were not associated with TL. The
decrease in PBL-TL modulated by the alcohol metabolic genotype ADH1B*1/*1 may
represent a novel mechanism potentially related to alcohol carcinogenesis in
alcohol abusers"
-
Effects of a
growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonist on telomerase activity, oxidative
stress, longevity, and aging in mice - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Dec 6
- "Both deficiency and excess of growth hormone (GH) are
associated with increased mortality and morbidity. GH replacement in otherwise
healthy subjects leads to complications, whereas individuals with isolated GH
deficiency such as Laron dwarfs show increased life span. Here, we determined
the effects of treatment with the GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor
antagonist MZ-5-156 on aging in SAMP8 mice, a strain that develops with aging
cognitive deficits and has a shortened life expectancy. Starting at age 10 mo,
mice received daily s.c. injections of 10 μg/mouse of MZ-5-156. Mice treated for
4 mo with MZ-5-156 showed increased telomerase activity, improvement in some
measures of oxidative stress in brain, and improved pole balance, but no change
in muscle strength. MZ-5-156 improved cognition after 2 mo and 4 mo, but not
after 7 mo of treatment (ages 12, 14 mo, and 17 mo, respectively). Mean life
expectancy increased by 8 wk with no increase in maximal life span, and tumor
incidence decreased from 10 to 1.7%. These results show that treatment with a
GHRH antagonist has positive effects on some aspects of aging, including an
increase in telomerase activity"
-
Telomeres,
lifestyle, cancer, and aging - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Nov 22 -
"Telomere length shortens with age. Progressive
shortening of telomeres leads to senescence, apoptosis, or oncogenic
transformation of somatic cells, affecting the health and lifespan of an
individual. Shorter telomeres have been associated with increased incidence of
diseases and poor survival. The rate of telomere shortening can be either
increased or decreased by specific lifestyle factors. Better choice of diet and
activities has great potential to reduce the rate of telomere shortening or at
least prevent excessive telomere attrition, leading to delayed onset of
age-associated diseases and increased lifespan"
-
Adiposity
and Insulin Resistance Correlate with Telomere Length in Middle-aged Arabs: The
Influence of Circulating Adiponectin - Eur J Endocrinol. 2010 Aug -
"Studies in obesity have implicated adipocytokines in
the development of insulin resistance, which in turn may lead to accelerated
aging ... HOMA-IR was the most significant predictor for TL in males, explaining
35% of the variance (p = 0.01). In females, adiponectin, accounted for 28% of
the variance in TL (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Obesity and insulin resistance are
associated with chromosomal TL among adult Arabs. Evidence of causal relations
needs further investigation. The positive association of adiponectin to TL has
clinical implications as to the possible protective effects of this hormone from
accelerated aging" - Note: HOMA-IR = (glucose x insulin)/405 for
glucose in mass units (US units) mg/dL. See my
adiponectin page for ways to increase it.
-
Telomere
length and risk of incident cancer and cancer mortality - JAMA. 2010 Jul
7;304(1):69-75 - "Short telomere length at baseline was
associated with incident cancer independently of standard cancer risk factors
(multivariable hazard ratio [HR] per 1-SD decrease in log(e)-transformed
telomere length, 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-1.98; P < .001).
Compared with participants in the longest telomere length group, the
multivariable HR for incident cancer was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.12-4.14) in the middle
length group and 3.11 (95% CI, 1.65-5.84) in the shortest length group (P <
.001). Incidence rates were 5.1 (95% CI, 2.9-8.7) per 1000 person-years in the
longest telomere length group, 14.2 (95% CI, 10.0-20.1) per 1000 person-years in
the middle length group, and 22.5 (95% CI, 16.9-29.9) per 1000 person-years in
the shortest length group. The association equally applied to men and women and
emerged as robust under a variety of circumstances. Furthermore, short telomere
length was associated with cancer mortality (multivariable HR per 1-SD decrease
in log(e)-transformed telomere length, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.58-2.86; P < .001) and
individual cancer subtypes with a high fatality rate. CONCLUSION: In this study
population, there was a statistically significant inverse relationship between
telomere length and both cancer incidence and mortality"
-
Higher
circulating levels of igf-1 are associated with longer leukocyte telomere length
in healthy subjects - Mech Ageing Dev. 2009 Nov 10 -
"Both IGF-1 and LTL diminished with age (IGF-1, r=-0.601, P<0.001; LTL,
r=-0.706, P<0.001). Age-adjusted LTL was positively associated with IGF-1 level
throughout the age range of the cohort (r=0.270, P<0.001). IGF-1 accounted for
about 10% of the inter-individual variation in LTL over and above the effect of
age. Our findings suggest that both circulating IGF-1 and LTL are indices of
healthy aging in humans" - Note: hGH increases igf-1.
-
Chinese tea
consumption is associated with longer telomere length in elderly Chinese men
- Br J Nutr. 2009 Aug 12:1-7 - "In men, only Chinese tea
consumption was significantly associated with TL after adjustment for
demographics and lifestyle factors (P = 0.002). Mean difference in TL for those
in the highest quartile of Chinese tea consumption (>3 cups/d or >750 ml/d) as
compared with those in the lowest quartile of Chinese tea consumption ( </= 0.28
cups/d or </= 70 ml/d) was 0.46 kb, corresponding to approximately a difference
of 5 years of life" - See
Jarrow green tea extract at iHerb.
-
Multivitamin use and telomere length in women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2009
Jun;89(6):1857-63 - "After age and other potential
confounders were adjusted for, multivitamin use was associated with longer
telomeres. Compared with nonusers, the relative telomere length of leukocyte DNA
was on average 5.1% longer among daily multivitamin users (P for trend = 0.002).
In the analysis of micronutrients, higher intakes of vitamins C and E from foods
were each associated with longer telomeres, even after adjustment for
multivitamin use. Furthermore, intakes of both nutrients were associated with
telomere length among women who did not take multivitamins"
-
Leukocyte
telomere length is associated with HDL cholesterol levels: The Bogalusa heart
study - Atherosclerosis. 2009 Jan 24 - "Diminished
levels of HDL-C are associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis.
Shortened leukocyte telomere length (LTL) also entails an increased
atherosclerotic risk ... Multivariate regression analyses showed that LTL was
positively associated with HDL-C in childhood (regression coefficient (bp per
mg/dL) beta=3.1, p=0.024), adulthood (beta=4.4, p=0.058) and AUC from childhood
to adulthood ... A slower rate of LTL shortening per year was associated with
higher HDL-C AUC in the total sample (p=0.033), adjusting for baseline LTL ...
As HDL-C exerts anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and LTL registers the
accruing burden of oxidative stress and inflammation, the association between
HDL-C and LTL might be explained by the lifelong status of oxidative stress and
inflammation" - Note: Telomere length is associated with longer
lifespan. Niacin increases HDL. See
niacin products at iHerb.
-
Resveratrol reduces endothelial progenitor cells senescence through
augmentation of telomerase activity by Akt-dependent mechanisms - Br J
Pharmacol. 2008 Jun 30 - "Resveratrol significantly
increased telomerase activity and Akt phosphorylation ... Resveratrol
delayed the onset of EPC senescence and this effect was accompanied by
activation of telomerase through the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway. The
inhibition of EPCs senescence by resveratrol might protect EPCs against
dysfunction induced by pathological factors in vivo and improve EPC
functional activities in a way that may be important for cell therapy"
- See
Jarrow Resveratrol 100 at iHerb.
-
Telomere length and obesity - Acta Paediatr. 2008 Apr 21 -
"No difference was found between the TRF lengths of
obese and normal children. Obese adults had shorter TRF lengths than adults who
were not obese (mean TRF length difference, -884.5; 95% confidence intervals
-1727 to -41.8; t= 2.183; df = 17; p < 0.041)"
-
Telomere length in white blood cells, buccal cells and brain tissue and its
variation with ageing and Alzheimer's disease - Mech Ageing Dev. 2008 Jan 31
- "We observed a significantly lower telomere length in
white blood cells (P<0.0001) and buccal cells (P<0.01) in Alzheimer's patients
relative to healthy age-matched controls (31.4% and 32.3%, respectively)"
-
Telomere length may be associated with hypertension - J Hum Hypertens. 2007
Nov 29
-
Higher serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with longer leukocyte
telomere length in women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Nov;86(5):1420-1425 -
"Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) ... higher vitamin D
concentrations, which are easily modifiable through nutritional supplementation,
are associated with longer LTL, which underscores the potentially beneficial
effects of this hormone on aging and age-related diseases" - See
vitamin D products at iHerb.
-
Obesity, cigarette smoking, and telomere length in women - Lancet. 2005 Aug
20-26;366(9486):662-4 - "telomere length
decreased steadily with age at a mean rate of 27 bp per year. Telomeres of obese
women were 240 bp shorter than those of lean women (p=0.026). A dose-dependent
relation with smoking was recorded (p=0.017), and each pack-year smoked was
equivalent to an additional 5 bp of telomere length lost (18%) compared with the
rate in the overall cohort"
-
Oxidative stress shortens telomeres - Trends Biochem Sci. 2002
Jul;27(7):339-44 - "oxidative stress
accelerates telomere loss, whereas antioxidants decelerate it"
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