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Home > Anti-aging Research > Metformin
Glucophage (metformin)
Where to purchase Metformin (don't take unless under a physician's supervision):
Related Topics:
News & Research:
- Cross-link Breakers and Inhibitors - International Anti-Aging Systems -
"metformin has a dual effect. It lowers blood glucose, (a well-known and established
activity) plus, as new research is revealing, it is an effective inhibitor of cross-linking" - See metformin at IAS.
-
Metformin: The Most Effective Life Extension Drug is Also a Safe, Effective
Weight Loss Drug - IAS Bulletin -
"Metformin is also one of the most
promising anti-aging, life extending drugs available"
-
Glucophage (metformin) - rxlist.com - "With metformin therapy, insulin
secretion remains unchanged while fasting insulin levels and day-long plasma
insulin response may actually decrease"
-
Metabolic syndrome
- CNN - "Doctors believe that the
underlying cause of this cluster of risk factors is resistance to insulin
... Doctors use thiazolidinediones and metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XR)
to decrease insulin resistance in people with diabetes. These medications
may help improve insulin metabolism in people with metabolic syndrome"
-
Metformin (Glucophage) and bipolar - psycheducation.org -
"In some cases this medication
can decrease abdominal obesity ... Between 10 and 30% of people taking
metformin have a decrease in their B12 levels ... this can show up is
"anemia""
-
Obesity and Fatty Liver disease - MedicineNet.com -
"Doctors also are using medications
to treat non alcoholic fatty liver disease. For example, insulin-sensitizing
agents, such as the thiazolidinediones, pioglitazone (Actos) and
rosiglitazone (Avandia), and metformin (Glucophage) not only help to control
blood glucose in patients with diabetes, but they also improve enzyme levels
in patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease"
-
Metformin May Have Novel Role as Breast Cancer Drug - oncologystat.com -
"In one recent hypothesis-generating metformin
study, Dr. Josie M.M. Evans and coworkers at the University of Dundee
(Scotland) evaluated roughly 11,876 patients with newly diagnosed type 2
diabetes, of whom 923 were subsequently diagnosed with cancer. The adjusted
relative risk of malignancy in long-term metformin users was reduced by 44%,
compared with nonusers ... In another population-based cohort study ... In
another population-based cohort study, investigators at the Institute of
Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., identified 10,309 Saskatchewanians with
type 2 diabetes. During an average of 5.4 years of follow-up after their
diagnosis, 407 cancer-related deaths occurred. Cancer mortality was 3.5% in
metformin users, 5.8% in insulin users, and 4.9% in individuals on
sulfonylurea monotherapy. After adjustment in a multivariate Cox regression
analysis, cancer-related mortality was 30% greater in sulfonylurea users
than in metformin users. In insulin users, it was 90% higher than in
metformin users" - See
Metformin
at OffshoreRx.com.
-
Metformin Alone or With
Insulin May Be Safe in Gestational Diabetes - Medscape, 5/7/08
-
No Benefits Seen With Metformin for Insulin Resistance in Obese Children:
Presented at ECE - Doctor's Guide, 5/7/08
-
Thiazolidinediones May Act Against Psoriasis - Medscape, 3/26/08 -
"The adjusted odds ratio for a first time diagnosis
of psoriasis in current users of five or more prescriptions for
thiazolidinediones was 0.33, as compared to no use. The adjusted odds ratio
for metformin was 0.77" - See pioglitazone at
OffshoreRX.com
 .
-
Metformin May Delay Onset of Diabetes in At-Risk Subjects - Medscape,
3/24/08 - "Metformin treatment, compared with
placebo or no treatment, reduced body mass index by 5.3%, fasting glucose by
4.5%, fasting insulin by 14.4%, and calculated insulin resistance by 22.6%
... Metformin treatment also reduced triglycerides and LDL cholesterol by
5.3% and 5.6%, respectively, and increased HDL cholesterol by 5.0% ... The
incidence of new-onset diabetes was reduced by 40% (odds ratio, 0.6), with
an absolute risk reduction of 6%, during a mean trial duration of 1.8 years"
- I don't have diabetes yet still take 1,000 mg of metformin per day.
I still feel high blood sugar and advanced glycation end products are major
causes of aging. See
metformin
at OffshoreRx.com.
-
Insulin-Resistant
Cardiomyopathy - Medscape, 1/15/08 - "Increasing
evidence points to insulin resistance as a primary etiologic factor in the
development of nonischemic heart failure (HF) ... Epidemiological evidence
suggests more than simply a correlation between insulin resistance and HF,
demonstrating that insulin resistance precedes HF rather than occurring as a
consequence of it ... Medications that work primarily by improving insulin
sensitivity (metformin, thiazolidinediones [TZDs]) might theoretically be
the most attractive therapies" - See my web page on
Insulin and Aging.
-
Metformin, Lifestyle
Changes Effective in Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain - Medscape,
1/10/08 - "Lifestyle intervention plus metformin had
the greatest effect on weight loss, and metformin alone was more effective
than lifestyle intervention plus placebo in increasing insulin sensitivity
and reversing weight gain in these patients with schizophrenia and
significant weight gain from atypical antipsychotic agents"
-
Prevention of Type 2 diabetes: fact or fiction? - Expert Opin
Pharmacother. 2007 Dec;8(18):3147-58 - "The Diabetes
Prevention Program revealed that metformin 850 mg b.i.d. reduced the risk of
diabetes by 31%"
-
Drug May Help Pregnant Women with Insulin Resistance - Doctor's Guide,
9/6/07 - "metformin, the most commonly prescribed
anti-diabetes drug, could potentially improve pregnancy outcomes in women
with insulin resistance"
-
Diabetes Drug Kills Some Cancer Cells - Science Daily, 8/14/07 -
"Four weeks later, the p53-deficient tumors in mice
treated with metformin were half the size of the p53 deficient tumors in
control mice"
-
Older Is Better: Top Ten Comparison Of Diabetes Drugs Give Metformin Top
Grade - Science Daily, 7/25/07 - "Metformin was
found to lower LDL or bad cholesterol by about 10 milligrams per deciliter
of blood, while newer medications studied, such as pioglitazone (Actos) and
rosiglitazone (Avandia), or so-called thiazolidinediones, were found to have
the opposite effect, increasing levels of the artery-clogging fat by the
same amount"
-
Old Diabetes Drug Has Advantages - WebMD, 7/16/07
- The
Role of Metformin and Pioglitazone in Early Combination Treatment -
Medscape, 2/6/07 - "Both metformin and
pioglitazone have positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Pioglitazone
may reduce the progression to type 2 diabetes by effects on both pancreatic
beta-cell deterioration and insulin resistance"
-
Diabetes Drugs
Compared - WebMD, 12/6/06 - "Avandia had the lowest treatment failure rate -- 15% -- compared with 21%
for Glucophage and 34% for Micronase"
-
Drug 'Avandia' May Prevent Diabetes - WebMD, 9/15/06 -
"People at high risk for diabetes
who took the drug Avandia reduced
their risk of developing the disease by 60% in the three-year trial ...
taking the drug metformin (Glucophage), which is already widely used for
diabetes prevention, was associated with a 31% reduction in disease risk --
about half that seen in the Avandia study"
-
New EASD/ADA Consensus Recommends Metformin at Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes
- Doctor's Guide, 9/13/06 - "metformin
significantly reduced the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in
patients with type 2 diabetes(3). The study showed a 36% reduction in all-cause
mortality, a 42% reduction in diabetes-related mortality and a 32% reduction in
diabetes-related endpoints"
-
FDA
Approves Avandamet (Rosiglitazone Maleate and Metformin HCl) as Initial
Therapy in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 7/11/06
-
Metformin Induces Long-Term Weight Loss in Teens - Doctor's Guide, 6/28/06 -
"Metformin can induce long-term weight
loss in obese, non-diabetic adolescents, and could possibly be useful in a
regimen to help achieve weight loss in adolescents, who may have developed type
2 diabetes type due to overweight"
-
Depression Drugs
May Up Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 6/12/06 -
"taking antidepressants was
associated with a two- to threefold increase in risk ... The increase was
not seen, however, in people at high risk for diabetes who were taking both
antidepressants and the blood-sugar-regulating drug glucophage (metformin)"
- Can
Metformin Help Teenagers With PCO? - Medscape, 4/19/06
-
Metformin and Lifestyle Intervention May Help Prevent Metabolic Syndrome
- Medscape, 4/18/06 - "Participants
were randomly assigned to standard treatment with placebo pill; metformin,
850 mg, twice daily; or intensive lifestyle management with placebo pill and
followed up for a mean of 3.2 years ... Intensive lifestyle consisted of
reduction of at least 7% of body weight, low-calorie and low-fat diet, and
moderate physical activity at least 150 minutes weekly ... In those with
prevalent MS at baseline ... At 3 years 18% of the placebo, 23% of the
metformin, and 38% of the lifestyle intervention group no longer had the MS,
with lifestyle intervention only showing a significant effect vs placebo"
-
Newer
Diabetic Meds Cost More, But Users Have Fewer Hospital Visits - Science
Daily, 3/24/06 - "Taking a TZD as
instructed was the strongest predictor of a reduced risk of hospitalization and
decreased healthcare costs in this group of patients ... Overall, the
participants who took a TZD spent an average of $76 to $150 less per month
on total healthcare costs" - See
OffshoreRx.com.
-
Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis Can Be Aggravated by Antihypertensive
Drugs in Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 11/14/05 -
"Concurrent use of
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor
blockers (ARBs) and metformin could aggravate the risk of
metformin-associated lactic acidosis"
-
Metformin Increases Ovulation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Better
than Clomiphene Citrate - Doctor's Guide, 10/21/05
-
Metformin May Be Safer Than Sulfonylureas in Patients With Diabetes and
Heart Failure - Medscape, 9/30/05
-
ACTOplus Met Approved by the FDA for Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide,
8/30/05 - "ACTOplus met combines
ACTOS (pioglitazone HCl) and metformin, two widely used diabetes
medications, in a single tablet"
-
Review: Metformin a Top Diabetes Drug - WebMD, 7/19/05 -
"Though many of the newer drugs may
promote weight gain, metformin has been associated with modest weight losses
in people with type 2 diabetes"
-
Metformin Works Well as Monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes Especially in
Overweight or Obese Patients - Doctor's Guide, 7/15/05
-
Metformin May Be Best First-Line Therapy for Anovulatory Women With
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Medscape, 4/29/05
-
Metformin and Lifestyle Intervention May Help Prevent Metabolic Syndrome
- Medscape, 4/18/05 - "metformin
therapy (850 mg twice daily) ... Compared with placebo, the lifestyle group
had 41% lower incidence of the MS (P < .001), and the metformin group had
17% lower incidence"
- Vitamin B12 Status of Patients Treated With Metformin - Medscape, 2/17/05 -
"Patients exposed to long-term metformin therapy had 26.7% lower cobalamin, 21.6% lower holotranscobalamin and 9.7% higher HCy
serum concentrations than control subjects. Such changes indicate a potential risk for development of vitamin B12 deficiency"
- Pioglitazone and Metformin Similarly Effective in Reducing HbA1c - Medscape, 12/13/04
- Research Highlights Hormonal Control of Cardiovascular Functions - Doctor's Guide, 8/17/04 -
"The Patients who received
metformin experienced an improvement in several endothelial function markers, including weight, fasting plasma glucose, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule"
- Metformin Shows Promise for Diabetes Prevention, but Further Studies Needed - Doctor's Guide, 6/24/04 -
"After 1 year of treatment, patients
receiving metformin experienced a significantly lower increase in fasting blood glucose levels compared with the placebo group (3.6 mg/dL vs. 7.2 mg/dL,
P < .05)"
- Metformin Can Prevent Girls with Insulin Resistance from Developing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Doctor's Guide, 6/21/04 -
"Early use of metformin in girls with insulin resistance can decrease the progression to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common female endocrine disorder"
- Metformin, Diet/Exercise Comparable at Cutting Diabetes Risk in Women With GDM - Medscape, 6/7/04 -
"in women who reported a history of GDM, either metformin or lifestyle changes reduced the relative risk of later type 2 DM by about 54%. In contrast, the relative risk reduction associated with metformin was 14% in women with no history of GDM compared with 51% for lifestyle changes"
- Metformin May Improve Cardiac Autonomic System Balance in Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 3/15/04
- Metformin Improves Metabolic Control and Other Physiologic Variables in Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 2/25/04
-
What
You Don’t Know About Blood Sugar - Life Extension Magazine, 1/04 -
"it now appears that optimal fasting blood glucose levels should probably be under 86 mg/dL ... Chromium supplements have been shown to reduce blood glucose significantly.70-74
The dose used in human studies ranges from 200 to 1000 mcg of elemental chromium a day, with best results occurring when 400 mcg or more of chromium is taken daily ... Nondiabetics using metformin may start off at 500 mg a day and gradually build up to 1000-1500 mg a day. The objective is not to take so much
metformin as to induce a hypoglycemic state" - See
iHerb
 or
Vitacost
chromium products.
- Metformin and Carbohydrate-Modified Diet May Help Sustain Weight Loss - Doctor's Guide, 12/16/03
- No Apparent Increased Risk of Lactic Acidosis Found In Type 2 Diabetics Who Take Metformin - Doctor's Guide, 11/25/03
- Metformin May Improve Metabolic Control in Adolescents with Type I Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 11/21/03
- Metformin Decreases Serum C-Reactive Protein in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome - Doctor's Guide, 10/28/03
- Metformin Seems to be Effective for Anovulation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Doctor's Guide, 10/27/03
- Metformin Treatment Leads to Increased Homocysteine, Decreased Vitamin B12 and Folate in Type 2 Diabetes Patients - Doctor's Guide, 10/20/03 -
"Homocysteine requires folate and vitamin B12 to be properly metabolised, and serum vitamin B12 levels are known to decrease during metformin treatment ... compared with placebo, metformin was associated with an increase in
serum homocysteine levels (4% [0.2 to 8 µmol L-1]; P=0.039), and decreases in vitamin B12 (-14% [-4.2 to -24 pmol L-1]; P<0.0001) and folate (-7%"
- Uses of Metformin May Extend Beyond Patients with Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/03 -
"In type 2 diabetics, metformin appears to decrease
plasma fasting glucose and HbA1c levels without causing weight gain. Metformin may also have a positive influence on a variety of cardiovascular risk factors and may be useful in preventing diabetes in overweight individuals with mild hyperglycaemia ... while
further study is necessary before more widespread use is encouraged, the role of metformin may be expanded for glucose control in children and teenagers with type 2 diabetes, in non-diabetic women with PCOS, and to prevent progression to diabetes"
- FDA Approves New Avandamet (Rosiglitazone Maleate/Metformin) Dosage Strengths For Treatment Of Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 8/27/03
- Lifestyle Modification, Metformin Effective Prevention for Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 7/31/03 -
"1,073 patients were prescribed 850 mg
metformin twice daily, 1,082 had placebo twice daily, and 1,079 were prescribed an intensive program of lifestyle modification ... Incidence of diabetes was 58% lower ... in the lifestyle intervention group and 31% lower ... in the metformin group than in the placebo group"
- Inappropriate Metformin Use Frequent in Hospitalised Patients - Doctor's Guide, 6/16/03
-
BioMarker
Pharmaceuticals Develops Anti-Aging Therapy - LE Magazine cover story, 6/03 -
"The BioMarker scientists found that all the glucoregulatory agents reproduced some of the gene expression effects of CR [calorie restriction], but that metformin was the undisputed star of the group, being twice as effective as the others in
reproducing the effects of CR"
- Pioglitazone/Sulfonylurea And Pioglitazone/Metaformin Combinations Both Effective For Reducing Very Low Density Lipoproteins And Free Fatty Acids - Doctor's Guide, 5/21/03
- Repaglinide + Metformin Superior to Nateglinide + Metformin in Treating Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 5/18/03
- Benfluorex Improves Glycaemic Control In Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 4/29/03 -
"Although
benfluorex may be less potent than metformin, it lowers haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and fasting plasma glucose levels and is well tolerated"
- Metformin-Glibenclamide Combination Is More Effective Than Monotherapy In Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 4/24/03
- Pioglitazone Improves Insulin Sensitivity Compared To Metformin - Doctor's Guide, 4/22/03
- Combination Therapy Improves Management of Obese Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 4/15/03 -
"Adding
rosiglitazone, an insulin-sensitising thiazolidinedione drug, to metformin, a biguanide agent, greatly enhances the management of obese type 2 diabetic patients who are inadequately controlled by metformin alone"
- Metformin Concentrations In Erythrocytes Have Clinical Implications - Doctor's Guide, 3/25/03
- Diabetes Prevention Efforts Achieving Good Results - Doctor's Guide, 2/17/03 -
"Strategies that may prevent progression to
diabetes include weight reduction, exercise, insulin secretagogues, metformin, glucosidase inhibitors and
thiazolidinedione ... Diabetes risk was reduced by 31% among patients who were treated with metformin (which tends to restrain weight gain) and by 58% for patients who improved their lifestyle ... Losing even 5 to 7 kg [11 to 15.4 pounds] "has an
enormous benefit" that was also apparent in cholesterol and other cardiovascular risk factor reductions"
- Glyburide/Metformin Combination Effective For Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled By Sulphonylurea - Doctor's Guide, 2/3/02
- Rosiglitazone And Metformin Have Different Effects In Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 1/29/03
- Metformin May Help Teen Type 1 Diabetics - WebMD, 1/17/03
- Metformin May Benefit Type 1 Teen Diabetics - Medscape, 1/14/03
- Tablet Combining Glibenclamide And Metformin Improves Glycaemic Control - Doctor's Guide, 12/7/02
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Receives FDA Approval Of Metaglip (Glipizide/ Metformin HCl Tablets) For Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 10/22/02
- FDA Approves GlaxoSmithKline's Avandamet™ (rosiglitazone maleate and metformin HCl), The Latest Advancement in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 10/11/02
- FDA Approves New Indication for Glucovance® (Glyburide and Metformin HCL Tablets) A Leading Oral Antidiabetic Now Approved for Use With TZDs - Doctor's Guide, 10/11/02
- Insulin-Lowering Agent [metformin] Curbs Hyperandrogenism And Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Symptoms - Doctor's Guide, 10/11/02
- Anti-Hyperglycemic Metformin Equally Effective in Extended-Release and Immediate-Release Formulations - Doctor's Guide, 9/26/02
- Extended-Release Metformin Formulation Shows Promise as Once Daily Regimen - Doctor's Guide, 9/25/02
- What is hyperinsulimia? How is it controlled? What are the tests? What is Glucophage? - Dr. Weil, 9/3/02 - "If
you take Glucophage, your physician should also monitor your liver function regularly and check blood counts and vitamin B12 levels"
- Single-Tablet Metformin-Glibenclamide Provides Type 2 Diabetics Better Glycaemic Control Than Either Drug Alone - Doctor's Guide, 8/28/02
- Metformin Therapy Lowers Plasma Levels Of Enzyme Linked To Endothelial Dysfunction In Type 2 Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 7/24/02
- Combined Insulin Glargine and Metformin Therapy Treats Obese Type 2 Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 6/18/02
- Metformin Useful in Teens with Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 6/18/02
- Metformin Decreases Cardiovascular Events in Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 6/18/02
- Rosiglitazone Added to Glyburide/Metformin Helps Tough-to-Treat Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 6/16/02
- Will New Drugs Head Off Diabetes? - WebMD, 5/10/02 -
""We think of IGT [impaired
glucose tolerance] and diabetes as parts of what we call the metabolic syndrome. This is something that affects one in four Americans -- and up to half of the U.S. population by age 60. What we have to target is high blood sugar, whether it is IGT or type 2 diabetes." ... One diabetes drug, Glucophage, has already been shown to help prevent type 2 diabetes in people with IGT.
But that same study, published in the February 2002 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine, showed that exercise was even better than Glucophage at preventing diabetes"
- Complementary Effects of Avandia and Metformin Significantly Improved Glycemic Control in High-Risk Diabetes Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/30/02
- Troglitazone Improves Cardiovascular Risk Factors Better Than Metformin In Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 3/11/02 - See
troglitazone
- Diabetes Drug [Glucophage] Helps Prevent Miscarriage - WebMD, 3/1/02
- Metformin Shows Promise in Preventing Miscarriage in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Doctor's Guide, 2/27/02
- The Skinny on Fat Drugs - WebMD, 2/20/02 -
"This diabetes drug improves sensitivity to insulin. It seems to prevent weight gain in adults. Studies are
under way in overweight people who do not have diabetes. Side effects of Glucophage include nausea, flatulence, bloating, and diarrhea at the beginning of treatment. It can also cause a serious problem -- lactic acidosis -- in some patients with underlying disease"
- How to Stop Diabetes In Its Tracks - WebMD, 2/6/02 -
"the study found that the diet/exercise program cut diabetes risk by 58%. Glucophage was significantly less effective, but
still decreased risk by 31% ... The diet was centered around lowering fat intake to less than 25% of overall calories ... the 30-minute daily exercise regime "should be easily achievable" by most nondiabetic
overweight Americans with high blood sugar levels"
- Metformin Appears Suitable For Children With Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 1/18/02
- Diabetes Drug [Glucophage/metformin] May Fight Obesity - WebMD, 12/26/01 -
"Pediatricians at the University of Tennessee School of Medicine put 24 obese adolescents on a
low-calorie diet: 1,500 calories a day for the girls and 1,800 calories a day for the boys. They also gave half the teens Glucophage and half a placebo ... After eight weeks, dieting teens who took the placebo lost 3.8 % of
their body weight. But those taking Glucophage lost 6.5 % of their body weight -- nearly twice as much"
- Metformin-Glibenclamide Combo Manages Total Glycemic Burden In Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 9/17/01
- Repaglinide Plus Metformin Increases Insulin Secretion And Sensitivity In Type 2 Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 9/13/01
-
The
Multiple Benefits of Metformin - Life Extension Magazine, 9/01 -
"An ideal anti-diabetic drug would enhance cellular insulin sensitivity, inhibit excess intestinal absorption of sugar, reduce excess liver production of glucose, promote weight loss and reduce cardiovascular
risk factors. Metformin (Glucophage) is the one drug that does all of this and more"
- Diet and Exercise, Metformin, Dramatically Delay Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 8/8/01
- How to Avoid Diabetes -- Landmark Results Unveiled - WebMD, 8/8/01 -
"Either a low-fat diet combined with moderate exercise or the drug metformin -- brand name Glucophage --
dramatically reduced type 2 diabetes risk among overweight people with elevated blood sugar"
- Glyburide/Metformin Combination Helps Maintain Long-Term Blood Sugar Control - Doctor's Guide, 6/26/01
- Metformin Outperforms Other Oral Agents In Diabetics With Severe Coronary Disease - Doctor's Guide, 3/22/01
- Nateglinide Appears To Reduce HbA(1c) Comparable to Metformin - Doctor's Guide, 11/17/00
- FDA Approves Glucophage XR (Metformin) Extended Release Formulation For Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 10/16/00
- FDA Approves Glucovance (Glyburide And Metformin) For Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 8/2/00
- Diabetes Drug, Metformin, May Be Useful In Treating AIDS-Related Syndrome - Doctor's Guide, 7/25/00
- Metformin Safe And Effective For Children With Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 6/12/00
- Avandia (Rosiglitazone) And Glucophage (Metformin) Combo May Slow Type 2 Diabetes Progression - Doctor's Guide, 4/5/00
- Controversy Remains Over Sulfonylurea-Metformin Combination Therapy - Doctor's Guide, 10/1/99
- Doctors Prescribing Metformin Despite Clear Contraindications - Doctor's Guide, 9/30/99
- Glucophage Reduces Deaths In Type II Diabetics, Study Shows - Doctor's Guide, 9/11/98
Abstracts:
-
Metformin improves polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms irrespective of
pre-treatment insulin resistance - Eur J Endocrinol. 2007
Nov;157(5):669-76 - "In the overweight and obese
PCOS groups, metformin also showed the expected beneficial effects ...
Metformin improves parameters of IR, hyperandrogenemia, anovulation, and
acne in PCOS irrespective of pre-treatment IR or obesity"
-
Decreased in vivo oxidative stress and decreased platelet activation
following metformin treatment in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects
- Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2007 Oct 30 - "These data
suggest that metformin could improve oxidative stress, preserve antioxidant
function and restrain platelet activation in type 2 diabetes"
-
Liver dysfunction in paediatric obesity: a randomized, controlled trial of
metformin - Acta Paediatr. 2007 Sep;96(9):1326-32 -
"In obese adolescents fed ad libitum, metformin (a)
prevented the rise in ALT concentrations that were observed in
placebo-treated subjects at the 3 to 5 month time-points (p < 0.05); (b)
reduced (p < 0.01) the percentage of all ALT values exceeding 40 U/L; and
(c) caused a modest (10%) but statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction
in serum ALT in Caucasian subjects. Metformin had no effect on ALT levels or
the ALT to AST ratio in the five African American adolescents enrolled in
the study ... metformin might reduce the rates or severity of liver
dysfunction in selected high-risk adolescents"
-
Metformin as an adjunctive treatment to control body weight and metabolic
dysfunction during olanzapine administration: A multicentric, double-blind,
placebo-controlled trial - Schizophr Res. 2007 Jul;93(1-3):99-108 -
"Metformin may safely assist olanzapine-treated
patients in body weight and carbohydrate metabolism control"
-
Comparison of the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on insulin
resistance and hormonal markers in patients with impaired glucose tolerance
and early diabetes - Hypertens Res. 2007 Jan;30(1):23-30 -
"pioglitazone was superior to
metformin for the improvement of insulin resistance and adiponectin ...
Early intervention with pioglitazone or metformin therapy may reduce the
incidence of future cardiovascular disease in subjects with impaired glucose
tolerance or early diabetes"
-
Treating the metabolic syndrome - Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2007
May;5(3):491-506 - "appropriate
treatment of MS components often requires pharmacologic intervention with
insulin-sensitizing agents, such as metformin and
thiazolidinediones, while
statins and fibrates, or
angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitors and
angiotensin II receptor blockers are the first-line lipid-modifying or
antihypertensive drugs"
-
Rosiglitazone is more effective than metformin in improving fasting indexes
of glucose metabolism in severely obese, non-diabetic patients -
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007 Mar 29 - "Our study shows that in severely obese, non-diabetic, hyperinsulinaemic
patients undergoing a nutritional programme, rosiglitazone is more effective
than metformin in producing favourable changes in fasting-based indexes of
glucose metabolism, with a reduction of both insulin resistance and
hyperinsulinaemia. In spite of previous studies reporting
rosiglitazone-induced body weight gain, in our study the joint treatment
with diet and rosiglitazone was accompanied by weight loss and fat mass
reduction"
-
Effects of metformin or rosiglitazone on serum concentrations of
homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B(12) in patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus - J Diabetes Complications. 2007 Mar-Apr;21(2):118-23 -
"In patients with type 2 diabetes,
metformin reduces levels of folate and vitamin B(12) and increases Hcy.
Conversely, rosiglitazone decreases Hcy levels in this time period"
-
A randomized trial of the effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on
inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2
diabetes - Am Heart J. 2007 Mar;153(3):445.e1-6 -
"Metformin and rosiglitazone
treatment led to similar significant improvements in glycemic control
(HbA(1c) -1.08% in the rosiglitazone group and -1.18% in the metformin
group, P = nonsignificant). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels
decreased by an average of 68% in the rosiglitazone group (5.99 +/- 0.88 to
1.91 +/- 0.28 mg/L, P < .001), compared with a nonsignificant 4% reduction
in hsCRP with metformin"
-
Effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on inflammatory markers and
adipokines: decrease in interleukin-18 is an independent factor for the
improvement of homeostasis model assessment-beta in type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007 Feb;66(2):282-9 - "Rosiglitazone, but not metformin,
improved the plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers and adipokines in
patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus"
-
Glycemic
Durability of Rosiglitazone, Metformin, or Glyburide Monotherapy - N Engl J
Med. 2006 Dec 4- "Kaplan-Meier analysis showed
a cumulative incidence of monotherapy failure at 5 years of 15% with
rosiglitazone, 21% with metformin, and 34% with glyburide. This represents a
risk reduction of 32% for rosiglitazone, as compared with metformin, and 63%, as
compared with glyburide (P<0.001 for both comparisons). The difference in the
durability of the treatment effect was greater between rosiglitazone and
glyburide than between rosiglitazone and metformin. Glyburide was associated
with a lower risk of cardiovascular events (including congestive heart failure)
than was rosiglitazone (P<0.05), and the risk associated with metformin was
similar to that with rosiglitazone. Rosiglitazone was associated with more
weight gain and edema than either metformin or glyburide but with fewer
gastrointestinal events than metformin and with less hypoglycemia than
glyburide"
-
Effects of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone combined with metformin on the
prothrombotic state of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic
syndrome - J Int Med Res. 2006 Sep-Oct;34(5):545-55 -
"In patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus and metabolic syndrome, the combination of metformin plus
thiazolidinediones improved glycaemic control and produced a slight but
significant reduction in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels"
-
An open-label pilot study of the combination therapy of metformin and
fluoxetine for weight reduction - Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Sep 12 -
"In a 6.68-month period, a 7.89 kg
decrease in weight (9.32%) and a 3.43 U decrease in BMI (10.14%) were
observed in participants of the case group that was statistically
significant"
-
Improvement in glycaemic control with rosiglitazone/metformin fixed-dose
combination therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes with very poor
glycaemic control - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2006 Nov;8(6):643-649 -
"Unless tolerability issues arose,
eligible patients initiated RSG/MET 4 mg/1000 mg fixed-dose combination
therapy and were up-titrated in increments of 2 mg/500 mg at 4-week
intervals to a daily dose of 8 mg/2000 mg or the maximum tolerated dose ...
At week 24, clinically significant mean reduction in A1c from 11.8 to 7.8%
(mean reduction, 4.0 +/- 2.2%; p < 0.0001) and mean FPG reduction from 16.9
to 9.2 mmol/l (mean reduction, 7.7 +/- 4.4 mmol/l; p < 0.0001) were
observed"
-
Risk factors of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients receiving metformin -
Arch Intern Med. 2006 Oct 9;166(18):1975-9 -
"Each 1-g/d metformin dose increment
conferred an odds ratio of 2.88 (95% confidence interval, 2.15-3.87) for
developing vitamin B(12) deficiency" - See
iHerb or Vitacost
 Vitamin B12 products.
-
Adherence to Preventive Medications: Predictors and outcomes in the Diabetes
Prevention Program - Diabetes Care. 2006 Sep;29(9):1997-2002 -
"There was a 38.2% risk reduction
for developing diabetes for those adherent to metformin compared with those
adherent to placebo" - See metformin at OffshoreRX.comor
SuperSaverMeds.com (Glucophage).
-
Metformin improves endothelial vascular reactivity in first-degree relatives
of type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and normal glucose
tolerance - Diabetes Care. 2006 May;29(5):1083-9 -
"The metformin group had decreased
weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and FPG and improved lipid profile.
Endothelium-dependent FBF responses were also improved, without any effect
on endothelium-independent responses"
-
Currently listed contraindications to the use of metformin -
more harmful than beneficial? - Dtsch Med
Wochenschr. 2006 Jan 20;131(3):105-10 - "As the incidence of lactic acidosis
in patients with type 2 diabetes is the same with or without metformin
therapy (about 9 per 100000 patient years) there is no evidence that
metformin therapy is associated with an increased risk of lactic acidosis
... The two groups did not differ with regard to progression of renal
failure, patient-oriented endpoints or overall mortality ... On the basis of
the current data, advanced age per se, mild renal impairment and stable
heart failure can no longer be upheld as contraindications to the use of
metformin"
-
Metformin revisited: re-evaluation of its properties and role in the
pharmacopoeia of modern antidiabetic agents - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2005
Nov;7(6):654-65 - "Metformin acts by
increasing tissue sensitivity to insulin, principally in the liver.
Beneficial properties of metformin include weight reduction, favourable
effects on the lipid profile and the fibrinolytic pathway, and improvement
of ovarian function in some insulin-resistant women. It does not cause
hyperinsulinaemia or hypoglycaemia" - See
Glucophage at SuperSaverMeds.com or OffshoreRX.com.
-
Metformin decelerates aging and development of mammary tumors in HER-2/neu
transgenic mice - Bull Exp Biol Med. 2005 Jun;139(6):721-3 -
"Mean life span of mice increased by
8% (p<0.05), in 10% long-living mice it was prolonged by 13.1%, and the
maximum life span was prolonged by 1 month under the effect of metformin in
comparison with the control. The rate of populational aging decreased by
2.26 times ... Hence, we first demonstrated a geroprotective effect of
metformin and its suppressive effect towards the development of mammary
tumors"
-
The impact of antidiabetic therapies on cardiovascular disease - Curr
Atheroscler Rep. 2005 Feb;7(1):50-7 - "Metformin is the only oral
antidiabetic medication shown to decrease cardiovascular events independent
of glycemic control. Thiazolidinediones improve insulin resistance and lower
insulin concentrations, which is beneficial because hyperinsulinemia is an
independent predictor of cardiovascular disease"
-
Metformin and weight loss in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS): comparison of doses - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 May 10 -
"the Ob sub-group showed a dose
relationship (1.5 Kg [3.3 lbs] and 3.6 Kg [7.9 lbs] in 1500 mg and 2550 mg
groups respectively ... Suppression of
androstenedione was significant with both metformin doses" - See Metformin at IAS.
-
Intensive Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin on Inflammation and
Coagulation in Participants With Impaired Glucose Tolerance - Diabetes.
2005 May;54(5):1566-1572 - "In men,
the median changes in CRP from baseline to 1 year were -33% in the lifestyle
group, -7% in the metformin group, and +5% in the placebo group. In women,
the changes in CRP from baseline to follow-up were -29% in the lifestyle
group, -14% in the metformin group, and 0% in the placebo group"
-
Administration of B-group vitamins reduces circulating homocysteine in
polycystic ovarian syndrome patients treated with metformin: a randomized
trial - Hum Reprod. 2005 Mar 24 - "These findings suggest that B-group
vitamins and folic acid administration counteract the Hcy-increasing effect
seen with metformin therapy"
-
Effects of metformin on the body composition in subjects with risk factors for type 2 diabetes - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2005 Mar;7(2):189-92 -
"In the metformin group, there was a decrease in fat weight from 25.9 +/- 9.4 to 20.8 +/- 9.2 kg, p < 0.01, an increase in lean weight from 57.05 +/- 13.6 to 61.9 +/- 16.5 kg, p < 0.01, an increase in basal metabolism from 1735 +/- 413 to 1878 +/- 505
calories/day, p < 0.05 and an increase in body water" - See
metformin at IAS
or OffshoreRX.com. Note: That's a 19.7% decrease in fat (25.9-20.8)/25.9 = 19.7%, a 8.5% increase in lean
weight (61.9-57.05)/57.05 = 8.5% and a 8.2% increase in basal metabolism (1878-1735)/1735 = 8.2%. - Ben
- Metformin or gliclazide, rather than glibenclamide, attenuate progression of carotid intima-media thickness in subjects with type 2 diabetes -
Diabetologia. 2004 Nov 24 - "These data indicate that metformin or gliclazide, rather than glibenclamide, have a potent anti-atherogenic effect in type 2 diabetes"
- Metformin: drug of choice for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications in high-risk subjects - Diabetes Metab. 2003 Sep;29(4):121-2 -
"Metformin is unique in being not only as effective as any other oral antidiabetic therapy in controlling blood glucose, but also having an unparalleled clinical database relating to
improved clinical outcomes in pre-diabetic subjects, and patients with established type 2 diabetes"
- Potential contribution of metformin to the management of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with abdominal obesity, the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes -
Diabetes Metab. 2003 Sep;29(4):53-61 - "metformin has been shown to not only contribute to a better glycaemic control but also to induce some weight loss
(especially in the visceral depot) which may contribute to the improvement of the features of the metabolic syndrome. Thus, metformin treatment may represent a relevant element of an integrated lifestyle modification-pharmacotherapy to prevent not only type 2 diabetes but also cardiovascular disease"
- Do effects on blood pressure contribute to improved clinical outcomes with metformin? - Diabetes Metab. 2003 Sep;29(4):62-70 -
"Metformin improves insulin sensitivity in liver and muscle as its primary antihyperglycaemic mechanism of action, and intensive glycaemic
management with metformin significantly reduced the risk of macrovascular diabetic complications in the UK Prospective Diabetes Study. The clinical outcome benefits in the metformin group included a significant reduction in
the risk of stroke (- 41% vs + 14% with sulphonylurea or insulin treatment, p=0.032) ... metformin
significantly improved endothelial function, a key regulator of vascular tone and blood pressure, in type 2 diabetic patients"
- The potential of metformin for diabetes prevention - Diabetes Metab. 2003 Sep;29(4):104-11 -
"Treatment with metformin
significantly reduced the incidence of diabetes in subjects with IGT and high-normal fasting plasma glucose in the DPP. Moreover, metformin was well tolerated, and health economic analyses
suggest that metformin treatment is cost-effective in the US and Europe ... The results of the DPP identify metformin as an effective option for the prevention of diabetes in subjects with IGT and impaired fasting glucose"
- Beneficial effects of metformin on haemostasis and vascular function in man - Diabetes Metab. 2003 Sep;29(4):44-52 -
"Metformin
is a biguanide compound which is antihyperglycaemic, reduces insulin resistance and has cardioprotective effects on lipids, thrombosis and blood flow. Metformin has a weight neutral/weight lowering effect and reduces hypertriglyceridaemia,
elevated levels of PAI-1, factor VII and C-reactive protein. In addition recent studies indicate that metformin has direct effects on fibrin structure/function and stabilises platelets, two important components of arterial
thrombus. The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) reported that metformin was associated with a 32% reduction in any diabetes related endpoint (p<0.002), a 39% reduction in myocardial infarction (p<0.01) and a
non-significant 29% fall in microvascular complications. The figures for macrovascular complications compare favourably for those described for other cardioprotective agents such as ACE inhibitors and statins. These
findings confirm metformin as first line therapy in the management of obese insulin resistant type 2 diabetes and in the prevention of the vascular complications of this common condition"
- Effect of metformin on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in female obese patients with normal glucose tolerance - Diabetes Metab 2003 Apr;29(2 Pt 1):125
- Effect of metformin and sulfonylurea on C-reactive protein level in well-controlled type 2 diabetics with metabolic syndrome - Endocrine 2003 Apr;20(3):215-8 -
"CRP level was significantly lower in patients using metformin for blood glucose control compared with those using glibenclamide,
5.56 and 8.3 mg/L, respectively ... The data showed that metformin decreases the level of circulating CRP, a marker of inflammation, more than glibenclamide"
- What to Do About the Metabolic Syndrome? - Archives of Internal Medicine, 2/24/03 -
"Substantial data are accumulating to suggest that
lifestyle modification aimed at producing weight loss is an effective treatment for overweight or obese individuals with the metabolic syndrome ... Some physicians prescribe metformin because it can be associated with weight reduction and seems to counteract insulin resistance. However,
metformin is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a weight loss drug ... Some might consider the use of weight loss drugs in patients with metabolic syndrome"
- Metformin-Associated Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Archives of Internal Medicine, 10/28/02
- Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of sibutramine, orlistat and metformin in the treatment of obesity
- Diabetes Obes Metab. 2002 Jan;4(1):49-55 - "sibutramine, orlistat and metformin are all effective and safe medications that reduce cardiovascular risk and can decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese females. Overall, treatment with 10mg sibutramine bid is more effective than orlistat or
metformin therapy in terms of weight reduction"
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