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Anti-aging Research > N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)
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Specific Recommendations:
News & Research:
-
N-Acetyl Cysteine Effective for Bipolar Depression - Medscape, 6/10/11 -
"oxidative stress and inflammation play a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar
disorder ... NAC is a cysteine analogue shown to effectively raise plasma levels
of the primary antioxidant, glutathione. NAC also modulates cytokines,
glutamates neurotransmission, and enhances neurogenesis ... significant
differences (P < .001) were found between baseline and week 8 for all study
measures. Minimal side effects occurred" - Note: That seems like a high
dose but I would think most would take a lower lower dose over a longer period
of time which may be as effective.
-
Antioxidant Study Suggests Possibility of "Sunburn Pill" - Medscape,
12/11/09 - "The researchers theorize that people at
increased risk for melanoma could take NAC as a "sunburn pill" before exposure
to large amounts of sunlight. Such an approach, they add, could theoretically
reduce a person's lifetime risk of melanoma and also minimize the problems
associated with taking a daily medication"
-
Amino Acid May Help Reduce Cocaine Cravings - Science Daily, 10/23/09 -
"N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a commonly available and
generally nontoxic amino acid derivative, reverses changes in the brain's
circuitry associated with cocaine addiction. The reversal appears to lessen
the cravings associated with cocaine, thus providing protection against
relapse" - See
NAC products at iHerb
 .
-
Medication Effective For Acute Liver Failure In Early Stages Of Disease, Study
Suggests - Science Daily, 10/8/09 - "Researchers found that 52 percent of
acute liver failure patients in mild to moderate comas survived when treated
with NAC, compared to just 30 percent of those treated with only a placebo. In
patients experiencing more severe coma, treatment with NAC did not result in a
significant difference in survival rates" - See
NAC products at iHerb.
-
High-Dose N-Acetylcysteine Reduces Contrast Nephropathy - Medscape,
9/14/09 - "the odds of contrast-induced nephropathy
were 54% lower in patients randomized to high-dose N-acetylcysteine,
compared to those randomized to a control group"
-
Health Food Supplement May Curb Compulsive Hair Pulling - Science Daily,
7/6/09 - "Patients were given 1,200 mg of N-Acetylcysteine
every day for six weeks. For the following six weeks, the dosage was
increased to 2,400 mg per day. After nine weeks, those on supplement had
significantly reduced hair-pulling. By the end of the 12 week study, 56
percent reported feeling much or very much improved, while only 16 percent
on the placebo reported less pulling"
-
New
Therapeutic Properties Of N-acetyl-L-cysteine Discovered - Science
Daily, 1/19/09 - "N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) combined
with mesalamine produces a significant improvement in patients suffering
from ulcerative colitis ... N-acetyl-L-cysteine, is a drug normally used for
the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to
minimize the effects of cold and flu. Its hepatic protective properties also
make this drug a useful tool in paracetamol intoxications ...
N-acetyl-L-cysteine reduced the negative effects caused by azathioprine, a
immunosuppressant of clinical use, on the liver"
-
Add-On Therapy Improves Depressive Symptoms In Bipolar Disorder -
Science Daily, 9/2/08 - "sought to evaluate whether
N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an over-the-counter supplement that increases brain
glutathione, might help alleviate depressive symptoms ... Glutathione is the
brain’s primary antioxidant defense, and there is evidence of increased
oxidative stress in bipolar disorder. Therefore, we studied the potential
benefit of NAC treatment in bipolar disorder and found that it impressively
remedied residual depressive symptoms" - See
NAC products at iHerb.
-
Before A CT Scan Or Angiogram, Many People Should Take Inexpensive Drug To
Protect Kidneys - Science Daily, 2/18/08 - "The
inexpensive drug, called N-acetylcysteine, can prevent serious kidney damage
that can be caused by the iodine-containing "dyes" that doctors use to
enhance the quality of such scans ... N-acetylcysteine is already widely
used to clear mucus in cystic fibrosis patients, and to treat overdoses of
acetaminophen"
-
Treatment With NAC Is Associated With Better Outcomes For Children With
Liver Failure, Study Suggests - Science Daily, 1/3/08 -
"The children who received NAC spent fewer days in
intensive care, and in the hospital overall. 43 percent survived with their
native liver, compared to 22 percent of children who did not receive NAC.
And death rates while awaiting transplant, after transplant, and after ten
years were notably lower in children who had received NAC"
-
N-acetyl Cysteine May Aid in Treatment of Schizophrenia - Doctor's
Guide, 10/16/07 - "The study showed that NAC
improves certain symptoms of schizophrenia, and therefore implicated
glutathione deficiency in the pathogenesis"
-
Short-Course N-Acetylcysteine Effective for Acetaminophen Overdose -
Medscape, 10/4/07 - "A shortened course of as few as
six oral doses of N-acetylcysteine appears to be an effective treatment for
certain patients with acute acetaminophen poisoning"
-
Health Food Supplement May Curb Addiction Of Pathological Gamblers -
Science Daily, 9/11/07
-
How
Vitamin C Stops Cancer - Science Daily, 9/10/07 -
"Both of these cancers produce high levels of free radicals that can be
suppressed by feeding the mice supplements of antioxidants, either vitamin C
or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ... Some rapidly growing tumors consume enough energy to easily suck out the
available oxygen in their vicinity, making HIF-1 absolutely critical for their
continued survival. But HIF-1 can only operate if it has a supply of free
radicals. Antioxidants remove these free radicals and stop HIF-1, and the tumor,
in its tracks" - See
vitamin C products at iHerb.
-
One Type Of Antioxidant May Not Be As Safe As Once Thought - Science
Daily, 9/4/07 - "The research team administered both
NAC and nitrosothiols to mice for three weeks. The NAC was converted by red
blood cells into the nitrosothiol, S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNOAC). The
normal mice that received NAC and SNOAC developed PAH. Mice missing an
enzyme known as endothelial nitric oxide synthase did not convert NAC to
SNOAC, and were protected from the adverse effects of NAC, but not SNOAC.
This suggests that NAC must be converted to SNOAC to cause PAH ... Could
regular use of NAC produce the same effects in humans? The next step is to
determine a threshold past which antioxidant use becomes detrimental to
heart or lung function"
- N-Acetylcysteine
May Reduce Cocaine Craving - Medscape, 7/26/07
-
Cysteine Containing Chewing Gum For The Prevention Of Upper Digestive Tract
Cancers? - Science Daily, 5/22/06
-
Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine During Haemodialysis Reduces the Plasma
Concentration of Homocysteine in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease -
Medscape, 5/16/06
-
Addiction: Supplement May Stifle the Craving for Cocaine - New York
Times, 12/20/05
-
Acetylcysteine May Be Helpful for Pulmonary Fibrosis - Medscape,
11/23/05
- High
Dose N--Acetylcysteine in Patients with COPD - Medscape, 7/18/05
- Antioxidant, B vitamin combo to slow dementia? -
Nutra USA, 12/6/04 - "the
glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine
(NAC) is
not only a potent antioxidant but also a source of cysteine. Cysteine is
required to generate hydrogen
sulphide - an important
neuromodulator and
vasorelaxant. Levels of
hydrogen sulphide
levels are severely decreased in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients"
- No Difference between N-Acetylcysteine and Fenoldopam for Thwarting
Contrast-Induced Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide,
11/8/04 - "A randomized study failed
to show a significant difference in the ability of oral N-acetylcysteine
(NAC) and intravenous fenoldopam (FEN) to prevent the deterioration in renal
function"
- NAC supplement for brain damage in boys - Nutra
USA, 5/4/04 -
"Because it enhances the production of the enzyme glutathione, NAC is
thought to both stave off disease and play an important role in boosting the
immune system"
- N-Acetylcysteine Beneficial for Chronic Lung Disease
- Healthwell Exchange Daily News, 10/2/03
- Pre-treatment With Acetylcysteine For Cardiac Catheterisation Reduces
Contrast-Induced Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide,
12/5/03
- Thiol-Containing Antioxidant Shows Promise in Preventing Contrast
Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide, 8/25/03 -
"Treatment with acetylcysteine, a
thiol-containing
antioxidant, shows promise in preventing contrast nephropathy in patients
with chronic renal insufficiency"
- High Cysteine Levels Linked to Lower Rates of Breast Cancer
- Doctor's Guide, 7/15/03 - "Women
in the highest quintile for measured cysteine levels in this study had a 56%
lower risk of invasive or in situ breast cancer
than women in the lowest quintile ... The findings were more pronounced when
only invasive cancer was considered ... Cysteine or its precursors might
have the potential to be chemoprotective
against breast cancer"
- N-Acetyl Cysteine Prevents Kidney Damage from Coronary Procedure
- New Hope Natural Media, 5/1/03 -
"Up to 15% of people undergoing coronary angiography may experience
kidney damage from the contrast dye ...
randomly assigned to receive either 600 mg of oral NAC twice a day on the
day before and the day of the procedure or a similar looking placebo ...
Only 4% of those taking NAC, compared with 12% of those taking the placebo,
experienced a 25% increase in blood
creatinine within 48 hours of
receiving the contrast dye"
- Cardiovascular End Points Reduced With Antioxidant Acetylcysteine In
Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 2/28/03 -
"They were assigned to receive either
acetylcysteine 600 mg twice daily or a placebo ... Primary end point was
a composite variable composed of cardiac events that included fatal and
non-fatal myocardial infarction, death from cardiovascular disease,
necessity for either coronary angioplasty or by-pass surgery,
ischaemic stroke, peripheral
vascular disease requiring amputation or need for angioplasty ... A primary
end point was established in 18 of the 64 [28%]
haemodialysed
patients who received
acetylcysteine, and 33 of 70
[47%] patients undergoing
haemodialysis assigned to the
control group"
- [Abstract]
- N-Acetyl Cysteine Improves Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome - New Hope Natural Media, 12/12/02 -
"PCOS
... affects up to 10% of all women of reproductive age ... characterized by
enlargement of the ovaries, irregular menstrual cycle, failure to ovulate,
obesity, high levels of insulin in the blood and insulin resistance,
excessive hair growth (due to increased testosterone) and infertility. More
than 50% of all women with
PCOS have high insulin
levels, which may be a risk factor for diabetes, high blood pressure, blood
clots and heart disease ... Women with high initial insulin levels who took NAC
had a significant reduction in insulin levels following the glucose
tolerance test and also showed improved insulin sensitivity"
- Acetylcysteine Can Reduce Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Endstage
Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/1/02 -
"therapy with acetylcysteine appears to significantly reduce cardiovascular
events among
haemodialysis patients"
- See
iHerb
and
Vitacost
acetyl-l-cysteine products.
-
N-Acetylcysteine Helpful for Eye Disorder - New Hope Natural Media,
9/26/02
- Getting More
Glutathione? - Dr. Weil, 8/29/02 -
"To my knowledge, the only supplement that effectively raises
glutathione levels in the body is
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC).
My colleague Kathleen Johnson, a dietician here at the Program in
Integrative Medicine, tells me that other glutathione supplements are
ineffective because they’re digested before they can get into the
bloodstream"
-
Putting Antioxidants To Use In Functional Formulas - Functional Foods &
Nutraceuticals, 5/02 - "N-acetylcysteine
(NAC),
like alpha-lipoic acid, is a potential antioxidant and precursor to
glutathione. However, NAC
is also a powerful immune stimulant. For example, an Italian study of 262
elderly subjects found that 600mg
NAC, taken twice daily,
reduced flu symptoms by two-thirds.18 Large dosages of
NAC—up to several grams
daily—can extend the life expectancy of patients with AIDS,19
and some research suggests that it may also reduce the risk of cancer"
- Acetylcysteine Prevents Renal Problems After Angiography
- Doctor's Guide, 3/18/02 - "Changes
in creatinine mean values after 48 hours were -0.4 (±0.3) and +0.1 (±0.3)
mg/dL for treatment and control groups, respectively (p<0.001). The benefit
was larger in patients with baseline creatinine levels higher than 2 mg/dL,
at -0.4 (±0.4) compared to +0.5 (±0.3) mg/dL (p<0.001)"
- Antioxidant Boosts Cognitive Function In Alzheimer's Patients
- Intelihealth, 11/15/01 - "the
antioxidant N-acetylcysteine
(NAC)
may improve certain cognitive skills in people with Alzheimer's disease ...
Although participants in the
NAC
group did not outperform placebo patients in day-to-day activities, they did
fare significantly better than the placebo group on certain cognitive tests"
-
N-acetylcysteine Improves Blood Vessels - Nutrition Science News, 5/01 -
"Researchers suspect this is because NAC enhances the bioavailability of the
relaxing substance nitric oxide, but because nitric oxide has a short
half-life and cannot be measured by current methodology, they were unable to
determine this directly. In addition, NAC may act as an antioxidant that
protects nitric oxide destruction"
- Glutathione: The Eye Healer Within - Nutrition
Science News, 4/01 - "Supplementing
with glutathione to boost glutathione levels is not well understood.
Glutathione is a large molecule that is not easily absorbed, but it is a tripeptide
with cysteine—a sulfur-bearing amino acid—in the middle. As cysteine is
broken down in the digestive tract, its sulfur is absorbed and utilized to
make more glutathione"
- Can Cirrhosis be Prevented? - Nutrition Science
News, 1/99
Abstracts:
-
Deficient
synthesis of glutathione underlies oxidative stress in aging and can be
corrected by dietary cysteine and glycine supplementation - Am J Clin Nutr.
2011 Jul 27 - "Compared with younger control subjects, elderly subjects had
markedly lower RBC concentrations of glycine (486.7 ± 28.3 compared with 218.0 ±
23.7 μmol/L; P < 0.01), cysteine (26.2 ± 1.4 compared with 19.8 ± 1.3 μmol/L; P
< 0.05), and glutathione (2.08 ± 0.12 compared with 1.12 ± 0.18 mmol/L RBCs; P <
0.05); lower glutathione fractional (83.14 ± 6.43% compared with 45.80 ±
5.69%/d; P < 0.01) and absolute (1.73 ± 0.16 compared with 0.55 ± 0.12 mmol/L
RBCs per day; P < 0.01) synthesis rates; and higher plasma oxidative stress (304
± 16 compared with 346 ± 20 Carratelli units; P < 0.05) and plasma F(2)-isoprostanes
(97.7 ± 8.3 compared with 136.3 ± 11.3 pg/mL; P < 0.05). Precursor
supplementation in elderly subjects led to a 94.6% higher glutathione
concentration, a 78.8% higher fractional synthesis rate, a 230.9% higher
absolute synthesis rate, and significantly lower plasma oxidative stress and
F(2)-isoprostanes. No differences in these measures were observed between
younger subjects and supplemented elderly subjects ... Glutathione deficiency in
elderly humans occurs because of a marked reduction in synthesis. Dietary
supplementation with the glutathione precursors cysteine and glycine fully
restores glutathione synthesis and concentrations and lowers levels of oxidative
stress and oxidant damages. These findings suggest a practical and effective
approach to decreasing oxidative stress in aging" - See
l-glycine products at iHerb
and
NAC products at iHerb.
-
Long-term
dietary antioxidant cocktail supplementation effectively reduces renal
inflammation in diabetic mice - Br J Nutr. 2011 Jun 3:1-8 -
"Diabetic
nephropathy is a serious complication for diabetic patients, yet the precise
mechanism that underlies the development of diabetic complications remains
unknown. We hypothesised that dietary antioxidant supplementation with single N-acetylcysteine
(NAC) or vitamin C combined with either vitamin E or vitamin E and NAC improves
diabetic renal inflammation through the modulation of blood glucose levels,
oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Experimental animals were treated
with alloxan monohydrate to induce diabetes. Mice were divided into five groups
and supplemented with single or a combination of antioxidants. Body weights and
blood glucose levels were measured once a week. After 8 weeks of dietary
antioxidant supplementation, mice were killed and blood urea N (BUN) and plasma
creatinine levels were measured to evaluate renal function. NF-κB protein was
indirectly demonstrated by the phosphorylated IκBα (pIκBα) level, and the
expressions of oxidative stress- and inflammatory response-related proteins were
also determined. We demonstrated that dietary antioxidant supplementation
decreased lipid peroxidation levels demonstrated by thiobarbituric acid-reacting
substances, BUN and plasma creatinine levels in diabetic kidneys. Moreover,
dietary antioxidant cocktail supplementation improved blood glucose levels and
selectively regulated the expressions of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, haeme
oxygenase-1, pIκBα, inducible NO synthase, cyclo-oxygenase-2 and C-reactive
protein in diabetic kidneys effectively. These findings demonstrated that
diabetic renal failure was associated with inflammatory responses induced by
hyperglycaemia. In addition, results in the study suggest that antioxidant
cocktail supplementation may have beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy
through selective reduction of blood glucose levels and inflammatory response"
-
N-acetylcysteine in psychiatry: current therapeutic evidence and potential
mechanisms of action - J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2010 Nov 1;35(6):100057 -
"This review outlines the current literature regarding the use of NAC in
disorders including addiction, compulsive and grooming disorders, schizophrenia
and bipolar disorder. N-acetylcysteine has shown promising results in
populations with these disorders, including those in whom treatment efficacy has
previously been limited. The therapeutic potential of this acetylated amino acid
is beginning to emerge in the field of psychiatric research"
-
N-Acetylcysteine
interacts with copper to generate hydrogen peroxide and selectively induce
cancer cell death - Cancer Lett. 2010 Jul 26 - "NAC/Cu(II) significantly
alters growth and induces apoptosis in human cancer lines, yet NAC/Zn(II) and
NAC/Fe(III) do not. We further confirmed that this cytotoxicity of NAC/Cu(II) is
attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS). These findings indicate that the
combination of Cu(II) and thiols generates cytotoxic ROS that induce apoptosis
in cancer cells. They also indicate a fourth class of anti-neoplastic
metal-binding compounds, the "ROS generators""
-
Effects
of N-acetylcysteine on Semen Parameters and Oxidative/Antioxidant Status
- Urology. 2009 May 8 - "To examine whether a
beneficial effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on semen parameters and
oxidative/antioxidant status in idiopathic male infertility exists ... NAC
had significant improving effects on the volume, motility, and viscosity of
semen" - See
NAC products at iHerb.
-
N-acetylcysteine
versus AScorbic acid for Preventing contrast-Induced nephropathy in patients
with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography NASPI study-a
prospective randomized controlled trial - Am Heart J. 2009
Mar;157(3):576-583 - "High-dose NAC seems more
beneficial than ascorbic acid in preventing contrast-induced
renal function
deterioration in patients, especially
diabetic patients, with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography"
-
Effect
of alpha-tocopherol, N-acetylcysteine and omeprazole on esophageal
adenocarcinoma formation in a rat surgical model - Int J Cancer. 2008
Oct 20 - "oxidative stress subsequent to
gastroesophageal reflux is an important driving force of esophageal
adenocarcinoma (EAC) formation in the esophagogastroduodenal anastomosis
(EGDA) rat model. This study investigated the possible tumor inhibitory
effects of 2 antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol (389 and 778 ppm), N-acetylcysteine
(NAC, 500 and 1,000 ppm), and their combination (389 and 500 ppm,
respectively), as well as an antacid therapeutic agent, omeprazole (1,400
ppm) ... alpha-Tocopherol dose-dependently decreased the incidence of EAC (p
= 0.03), with 778 ppm alpha-tocopherol reducing the incidence of EAC to 59%
(16/27) in comparison with 84% (26/31) in the control group (p = 0.04).
Supplementation of alpha-tocopherol also increased the serum concentration
of alpha-tocopherol. NAC at 500 and 1,000 ppm did not significantly decrease
EAC incidence; however, the combination of alpha-tocopherol 389 ppm and NAC
500 ppm significantly reduced the incidence of EAC to 55% (15/27) (p =
0.02). alpha-Tocopherol alone or in combination with NAC significantly
reduced the number of infiltrating cells positively stained for
4-hydroxynonenal. Omeprazole showed only a slight nonsignificant inhibitory
effect at the dose given"
-
Efficacy
of a Vitamin/Nutriceutical Formulation for Early-stage Alzheimer's Disease:
A 1-Year, Open-Label Pilot Study With an 16-Month Caregiver Extension -
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2008 Dec 1 - "We
examined the efficacy of a vitamin/nutriceutical formulation (folate,
vitamin B6, alpha-tocopherol, S-adenosyl methionine, N-acetyl cysteine, and
acetyl-L-carnitine) in a 12-month, open-label trial with 14
community-dwelling individuals with early-stage Alzheimer's disease.
Participants improved in the Dementia Rating Scale and Clock-drawing tests (Clox
1 and 2). Family caregivers reported improvement in multiple domains of the
Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and maintenance of performance in the
Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADL).
Sustained performance was reported by caregivers for those participants who
continued in an 16-month extension. Performance on the NPI was equivalent to
published findings at 3 to 6 months for donepezil and exceeded that of
galantamine and their historical placebos. Participants demonstrated
superior performance for more than 12 months in NPI and ADL versus those
receiving naproxen and rofecoxib or their placebo group. This formulation
holds promise for treatment of early-stage Alzheimer's disease prior to
and/or as a supplement for pharmacological approaches"
-
N-Acetylcysteine prevents ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats - Br
J Pharmacol. 2008 Feb 18 - "NAC markedly reduces the
severity of renal dysfunction induced by ifosfamide with a significant
decrease in elevations of serum creatinine (57.8+/-2.3 vs 45.25+/-2.1 mumol
l(-1)) as well as a reduced elevation of beta(2)-microglobulin excretion
(25.44+/-3.3 vs 8.83+/-1.3 nmol l(-1)) and magnesium excretion (19.5+/-1.5
vs 11.16+/-1.5 mmol l(-1)). Moreover, NAC significantly improved the
ifosfamide-induced glutathione depletion and the decrease of glutathione S-transferase
activity, lowered the elevation of lipid peroxides and prevented typical
morphological damages in renal tubules and glomeruli" - See
NAC products at iHerb.
-
Long Term N-Acetylcysteine and L-Arginine Administration Reduces Endothelial
Activation and Systolic Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus - Diabetes Care. 2008 Feb 11 -
"The NAC+ARG administration seems to be a potential well-tolerated
antiatherogenic therapy since it improves the endothelial function in
hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes by improving NO bioavailability
via reduction of the oxidative stress and increase of NO production. Our
study's results give prominence to its potential use in the primary and
secondary cardiovascular prevention in these patients"
-
N-acetylcysteine for the prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation: a
prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study - Eur Heart J.
2008 Feb 8 - "The result of this study indicates
that NAC treatment decreases the incidence of postoperative AF" - See
NAC products at iHerb.
-
Effects of folic acid
and N-acetylcysteine on plasma homocysteine levels and endothelial function
in patients with coronary artery disease - Acta Cardiol. 2007
Dec;62(6):579-85 - "either folic acid 5 mg or NAC
600 mg or placebo daily for eight weeks ... endothelium-dependent dilation
(EDD) ... Folic acid and NAC therapies decreased plasma homocysteine (from
21.7 +/- 8.7 micromol/l to 12.5 +/- 2.5 micromol/l, P < 0.001; from 20.9 +/-
7.6 micromol/l to 15.6 +/- 4.3 micromol/l, P = 0.03, respectively), and
increased EDD (6.7 +/- 6.1% P = 0.002, 4.4 +/- 2.6% P < 0.001, respectively)
compared with placebo. There was no significant difference in improving EDD
between the folic acid and the NAC group"
-
Telmisartan, an Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocker, Inhibits Advanced
Glycation End-product (AGE)-induced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1
Expression in Mesangial Cells Through Downregulation of Receptor for AGEs
via Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-gamma Activation - J Int
Med Res. 2007 Jul-Aug;35(4):482-9 - "Candesartan, an
Ang II type 1 receptor blocker, did not suppress AGEs-induced superoxide
generation. Telmisartan and the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, completely
inhibited AGEs-induced MCP-1 overproduction by mesangial cells"
-
Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Acute Deterioration of Renal Function
Following Elective Coronary Angiography and Intervention: A Randomized
Controlled Trial - JAMA, 2/5/03 -
"Acetylcysteine protects patients with
moderate chronic renal insufficiency from
contrast-induced deterioration in renal function after coronary angiographic
procedures, with minimal adverse effects and at a low cost" - See
iHerb
or
Vitacost
acetyl-l-cysteine products.
Other possible n-acetyl-l-cysteine
retailers:
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