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Iron

Specific Recommendations:

• Iron products at iHerb
• Slow Fe Slow Release Iron Tablets 90-Count Box at Amazon.com
• Ferro-Sequels High Potency Iron Supplement Tablets - 100 ea at Amazon.com
• Feosol Ferrous Sulfate Iron Supplement Therapy, Tablets - 125 ea (Pack of 2) at Amazon.com.
• Vitacost iron products
• Drugstore.com/GNC iron supplements

News & Research:

• Diet counts: Iron intake in teen years can impact brain in later life - Science Daily, 1/12/12 - "healthy brain wiring in adults depended on having good iron levels in your teenage years ... This connection was a lot stronger than we expected, especially as we were looking at people who were young and healthy -- none of them would be considered iron-deficient ... You wouldn't think the iron in our diet would affect the brain so much in our teen years. But it turns out that it matters very much. Because myelin speeds your brain's communications, and iron is vital for making myelin, poor iron levels in childhood erode your brain reserves which you need later in life to protect against aging and Alzheimer's"
• Helicobacter pylori infection linked to decreased iron levels in otherwise healthy children - Science Daily, 3/7/11 - "Half of the world's population is infected with H. pylori and most of the individuals are asymptomatically infected ... Previous research has shown that iron levels correlate with several body functions including brain activity and have well documented long-term health consequences such as increased morbidity and mortality and loss of productivity ... the infection causes a decrease in the levels of iron in children who do not have anemia or an iron deficiency. The bacterium H. pylori infects the lining of the stomach resulting in chronic swelling of tissue, a condition known as gastritis. H. pylori is also a major cause of peptic ulcer disease and the cause of most cancers of the stomach ... Over time markers of iron stored in the body increased in children no longer infected. However, children who remained infected lagged in levels of one marker, serum ferritin, at their six month follow-up. The protein serum ferritin measures the amount of iron stored in your body"
• Iron storage status not linked to mortality: Study - Nutra USA, 2/23/11 - "The study shows that – in a healthy population – there is no association with the biomarkers for iron storage and mortality … meaning that the upper limits of iron storage are no associated with an increased risk of death" - [Abstract]
• Ritalin may ease early iron deficiency damage - Science Daily, 2/2/11 - "When children are deprived of iron at any point during the last trimester of pregnancy or the first six months of life -- a critical period of brain development -- they suffer brain damage at least through early adulthood, and possibly beyond. In particular, their motor function can be impaired as well as their ability to focus ... Iron-deficient adults often have restless leg syndrome. People who become iron deficient after three years of age can recover by taking iron supplements ... iron deficiency has a major hit on dopamine systems"
• New findings pull back curtain on relationship between iron and Alzheimer's disease - Science Daily, 10/6/10 - "there is a very close link between elevated levels of iron in the brain and the enhanced production of the amyloid precursor protein, which in Alzheimer's disease breaks down into a peptide that makes up the destructive plaques ... it had been known that an abundance of iron in brain cells somehow results in an abundance of amyloid precursor protein, or APP, and its destructive peptide offspring"
• Iron deficiency in heart failure - Science Daily, 8/31/10 - "Iron deficiency is a relatively common nutritional disorder that affects more than one third of the general population, and is often associated with chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid diseases and renal failure ... iron deficiency must be viewed in a much broader clinical context, as it also affects at least one-third of non-anaemic CHF patients ... Iron deficiency appears to be independent of the severity of CHF symptoms, and occurs irrespective of anaemia. It also seems to be associated with exercise intolerance and leads to a reduced quality of life. Our research shows that it probably constitutes an ominous sign of a poor outcome, independently of the other well-established prognosticators. In light of its high prevalence and clinical consequences, iron deficiency may well be perceived as an attractive therapeutic target in CHF"
• Polyphenol antioxidants inhibit iron absorption - Science Daily, 8/23/10 - "eating certain polyphenols decreased the amount of iron the body absorbs, which can increase the risk of developing an iron deficiency ... People already at risk for iron deficiency increase that risk if they consume high amounts of grape seed extract or EGCG"
• Consumers over age 50 should consider cutting copper and iron intake, report suggests - Science Daily, 1/20/10
• Iron Deficiency In Womb May Delay Brain Maturation In Preemies - Science Daily, 5/4/09
• Iron Overload: An Important Co-factor In The Development Of Liver Disease In Alcoholics - Science Daily, 2/24/09 - "A high prevalence of iron overload was found in alcoholics, which appeared to be related to the development of liver disease [odds ration for having liver disease in alcoholics with transferrin saturation greater than 45% was 2.2 (95% CI 1.37-3.54)]"
• New Form Of Intravenous Iron Treats Anemia In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients On Dialysis - Science Daily, 1/28/09
• New Role For Serotonin 'Ironed Out' - Science Daily, 1/27/09 - "low-functioning variants of human SERT have been associated with anxiety, depression, and reduced efficacy of SSRI medications ... Iron is required to synthesize both serotonin and dopamine, and serotonin receptors are known to regulate iron-carrying proteins. But SERT had not been previously shown to control brain iron levels. Follow-up studies with mice where the SERT gene was eliminated (SERT "knock-out" mice) verified a critical role for the transporter in controlling brain iron levels ... Because SERT is such an important drug target in treating anxiety, depression and OCD, we need to stop and think about how iron might be influencing these disorders"
• Ferritin Levels Linked With Risk of Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome - Medscape, 12/22/08 - "Elevated circulating ferritin concentrations are independently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Chinese subjects ... Men and women had median ferritin concentrations of 155.7 ng/mL and 111.9 ng/mL, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared to patients in the lowest ferritin quartile, those in the highest quartile had substantially higher odds ratios for metabolic syndrome (2.80) and diabetes (3.26)" - Iron supplements has been controversial for years.  I started taking it again because my ferritin was 11.9.
• Blood Loss Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Iron Overload - Medscape, 1/23/08
• Inulin May Help With Iron Uptake, Too - Science Daily, 1/7/08
• Body iron stores in relation to the metabolic syndrome, glycemic control and complications in female patients with type 2 diabetes - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2007 Dec 4 - "Ferritin, soluble Transferrin Receptor (sTfR), sTfR/Log ferritin ratio (sTfR-F index) ... Patients within the lowest tertile of the sTfR-F index had significantly higher fasting insulin, percent B, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B than those in the highest tertile. Ferritin showed significant correlations with insulin, percent B and inverse correlations with adiponectin and percent S. The sTfR-F index was significantly correlated with insulin, percent B and lipid parameters"
  • Ferritin definition - medterms.com - "The blood level of ferritin serves as an indicator of the amount of iron stored in the body"
• Novel Way To Remove Iron From Ferritin Could Dramatically Improve Sickle Cell Treatment - Science Daily, 11/5/07
• NIH Scientists Discover Novel Cause Of Iron Overload In Thalassemia Disorders - Doctor's Guide, 9/5/07
• My periods are quite heavy. I lose so much blood that I become severely anemic and sometimes have to get iron shots. What can I do? - Dr. Murray
• Teaching An Old Drug New Tricks: Fighting Iron Disorders With Drug Against Hypertension - Science Daily, 2/19/07
• Iron-deficient Infants Have Lower Cognitive Scores At 19, Especially In Lower Socioeconomic Levels - Science Daily, 11/8/06
• Low Iron Could Help Spur Baldness - HealthDay, 5/31/06 - "Iron deficiency is the world's most common nutritional deficiency ... If iron deficiency is detected and treated in the early stages, patients may be able to grow hair more effectively"
• Recommended Iron Levels for Pregnant Women Found to Be too High - Doctor's Guide, 5/31/06
• Hair Loss? It May Be Iron Deficiency - WebMD, 5/17/06 - "whatever the cause of hair loss -- for both women and men -- having too little iron in the blood makes it worse"
• Iron, calcium linked to lung cancer - Nutra USA, 12/5/05 - "The risk of lung cancer increased by 50 per cent for calcium intake greater than 1270 mg per day ... the increased lung cancer risk was the result of nonheme iron [iron from plant sources]… heme iron [from animal sources] was associated with decreased risk of lung cancer"
• Iron transporter discovered; major impact for supplements - Nutra USA, 9/12/05
• High Dietary Iron in Patients With Elevated Transferrin Saturation May Increase Cancer Risk - Medscape, 3/29/05 - "Among persons with increased transferrin saturation, a daily intake of dietary iron more than 18 mg is associated with an increased risk of cancer"
• Stocking Up on Iron? - Dr. Weil, 12/7/04
• Iron Supplementation May Help Children With ADHD - Medscape, 12/6/04 - "Iron deficiency has been previously considered a potent cause of poor cognitive impairment, learning disability, and psychomotor instability ... ferritin levels were significantly lower in children with ADHD"
• Exercise Fatigue? You May Need Iron - Healthwell, 10/21/04
• Unrecognized Iron Deficiency Can Impair Immunity in Older Women - Doctor's Guide, 9/29/04
• Iron review - ConsumerLab.com, 7/26/04
• Iron Supplements Help Only Certain Non-anemic Women - Science Daily, 5/20/04
• Distracted Young Women May Need More Iron - Intelihealth, 4/28/04 - "Women in the Penn State study who were iron-deficient performed significantly worse on memory and attention tests than healthy women, and an iron supplement was all it took to correct the problem" - See iHerb or Vitacost iron products.
• Mild Iron Deficiency May Harm Women's Memory - WebMD, 4/19/04
• High Heme-iron Intake May be Associated with Increased Risk for Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 1/12/03
• Iron Supplement Boosts Energy in Women with Unexplained Fatigue - Healthwell Exchange Daily News, 9/25/03
• Iron Fights Fatigue in Women - Natural Foods Merchandiser, 9/03
• Iron, Manganese Linked to Parkinson’s - Physician's Weekly, 8/18/03
• Profound Effects On Immune Function Of Iron Therapy In End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 7/30/03 - "Iron therapy, given to treat anaemia in combination with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), depresses immune function by inhibiting TNF-a production and increasing IL-4"
• Iron Stores May Predict Diabetes Risk - Doctor's Guide, 6/18/03 - "Women in the highest quintile of ferritin concentration were 2.66 times more likely to have diabetes, compared with those in the lowest quintile"
• Iron May Increase Risk of Parkinson's Disease - WebMD, 6/9/03 - "The rate of Parkinson's disease was almost double in those with the highest intake of iron and the trace mineral manganese ... To put it in perspective, a person's lifetime risk of getting Parkinson's disease is about one in 1,000, so doubling that means the risk would be two in 1,000"
• Orally Active Iron Chelator May be Effective in Treating Iron Overload - Doctor's Guide, 5/29/03
• Iron Supplements May Help Fatigued Women - Doctor's Guide, 5/22/03 - "Women who experience unexplained fatigue, but who are not anaemic may benefit from iron supplementation ...The level of fatigue after one month decreased by - 1.82/6.37 points (29%) in the iron group, compared with - 0.85/6.46 points (13%) in the placebo group ... the lower limit for serum ferritin concentration is controversial: iron stores in the bone marrow may serve as a better indicator of iron deficiency, they add. The lower reference limits for serum ferritin and haemoglobin concentrations have been considered too low for women and it has been suggested should be the same as for men"
• Iron Improves Muscle Strength and Endurance - New Hope Natural Media, 4/10/03 - "after six weeks of iron supplementation, the women had 10 to 15% less muscle fatigue after the fourth minute of leg exercises, and leg muscle strength after completion of the exercises was increased by 26.5%" - See iHerb or Vitacost iron products.
• Toxic Effects Of Iron Not Responsible For Increased Susceptibility To Infections In Children With Beta-Thalassaemia Major - Doctor's Guide, 4/2/03
• Iron Deficiency Harms Brain - WebMD, 11/8/02 - "Too little iron may be the cause of at least some cases of Alzheimer's disease ... As people age, their red blood cells have less of the stuff that makes them red. It's called heme, a cellular form of iron ... It's fairly common for people to get too little iron or vitamin B6 in their diets. Exposure to aluminum or other toxic metals is also quite common. All these things block heme in brain cells" - See iHerb or Vitacost iron products.
• Iron Overload Gene Tied To Increased Risk Of Colon Cancer - Doctor's Guide, 1/16/03
• Iron May Play Role In Endometriosis - Doctor's Guide, 10/17/02 - "Iron overload has been observed in the cellular and peritoneal fluid compartments of the peritoneal cavity of women with endometriosis"
• Increased Serum Ferritin Common in Hypertensive Men - Doctor's Guide, 8/21/02
• Iron insufficiency linked to first febrile seizure - Doctor's Guide, 8/16/02
• Excess Iron: A Health Risk? - Dr. Weil, 6/28/02
• You Don't Have to be Anemic to be Iron-Deficient - New Hope Natural Media, 6/27/02
• Severe Iron Deficiency Anemia Warns of Cancer - Doctor's Guide, 5/21/02 - "Severe anemia defined by a ferritin level of 20 ng/mL or less, or a hemoglobin level of 12.5 or less, is a sign of cancer risk that should be investigated by endoscopy"
• Excess Iron Can Pose Health Hazard - Nutrition Science News, 3/02
• Iron Supplementation Enhances Aerobic Training In Iron-Depleted Women - Intelihealth, 3/25/02 - "Iron deficiency without anemia occurs in about 12% of premenopausal women in the United States, and may negatively affect adaptation to aerobic training in women by reducing their endurance capacity"
• Fighting Fatigue: Iron Overload vs. Anaemia - Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals, 2/02 - "Menstruating women are more likely to feel tired because of an iron deficiency, whereas men 40 years and older are more likely to tire from iron overload ... the anaemia rate of adults older than 85 may be similarly high—ranging from 17 to 28 per cent ... In a state of iron overload, fatigue is often accompanied by arthritis, diabetes, infertility, male impotence, skin pigmentation, and liver or heart disease ... unexplained fatigue may be a physical symptom of masked depression"
• Pregnancy Vitamins Cut Leukemia in Kids - WebMD, 12/6/01 - "Moms who used both folic acid and iron supplements in pregnancy were 60% less likely to have a child develop leukemia"
• When the Body Absorbs Too Much Iron - WebMD, 10/15/01
• Iron-Deficient Children at Risk for Higher Blood Lead Levels - Doctor's Guide, 10/4/01
• Mining Mineral Supplements - Nutrition Science News, 7/01
• Iron Deficiency Can Hamper Kids' Learning, Performance - WebMD, 6/20/01 - "Even if it's not severe, iron deficiency could affect your child's performance in school"
• Study Links Even Mild Iron Deficiency With Low Math Scores - Intelihealth, 6/4/01 - "compared with children with normal iron levels, iron-deficient youngsters were more than twice as likely to score below average on a standardized math test"
• Dietary Supplements Survival Kit - Nutrition Science News, 6/01
• Some U.S. Elderly Take Unnecessary Iron Supplements, Iron Needs Vary According to Age, Gender - WebMD, 2/16/01
• Too Much Iron May Lead to Heart Attack  WebMD, 10/25/00
• Supplementing Vegetarian Diets - Nutrition Science News, 10/00
• Too Much of a Good Thing - Nutrition Science News, 6/00
• High Iron Levels Linked To More Stroke Damage - Doctor's Guide, 4/25/00
• High Iron Levels Identified in Brains of Alzheimer's Patients - WebMD, 2/28/00
• Zinc, Not Iron, May Be the Answer to Anemia - Nutrition Science News, 11/00
• Hemochromatosis: If you don't know what it is, you should - CNN, 7/26/99
• Pediatricians push for iron-fortified infant formula - CNN, 7/6/99
• Hair Loss and Thyroid Disease - About.com, 6/10/99 - "In a recent study, Dr Hugh Rushton, a professor at Portsmouth University, also found that 90 percent of women with thinning hair were deficient in iron and the amino acid lysine"
• Extra Iron Spawns Free Radicals in Gut - Nutrition Science News, 6/99
• Essential Nutrients for Endurance Athletes - Nutrition Science News, 5/99
• Can Cirrhosis be Prevented? - Nutrition Science News, 1/99 - "Limit iron because hepatitis viruses thrive in iron-rich environments. An iron surfeit impairs many aspects of immune function including T lymphocyte proliferation and maturation. Also, iron catalyzes damage by oxidants ..."
• Scientists Identify Protein Essential For Iron Absorption - Doctor's Guide, 2/4/98
• Research Supports Link Between Iron Levels And Heart Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/11/97
• Women With Low, But Not Anemic, Iron Have Impaired Physical Performance - Doctor's Guide, 6/2/97

Abstracts:

• Increased Serum Ferritin Predicts the Development of Hypertension Among Middle-Aged Men - Am J Hypertens. 2012 Jan 26 - "After adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI), the odds ratios (OR) was substantially higher for new hypertension (OR 1.54, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.26-1.88; P for trend <0.001) in subjects with the highest ferritin quartiles compared with those in the lowest quartiles"
• Dietary Intakes of Zinc and Heme Iron from Red Meat, but Not from Other Sources, Are Associated with Greater Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease - J Nutr. 2012 Jan 18 - "Participants, 45-84 y at baseline (2000-2002), were followed through 2010 ... Participants, 45-84 y at baseline (2000-2002), were followed through 2010. Diet was assessed by FFQ. After adjusting for demographics and behavioral confounders, including BMI, dietary vitamin E intake was inversely associated with incident MetS and CVD [HR for extreme quintiles: MetS = 0.78 (95% CI = 0.62, 0.97), P-trend = 0.01; CVD: HR = 0.69 (95% CI = 0.46, 1.03), P-trend = 0.04]. Intakes of heme iron and Zn from red meat, but not from other sources, were positively associated with risk of MetS [heme iron from red meat: HR = 1.25 (95% CI = 0.99,1.56), P-trend = 0.03; Zn from red meat: HR = 1.29 (95% CI = 1.03,1.61), P-trend = 0.04] and CVD [heme iron from red meat: HR = 1.65 (95% CI = 1.10,2.47), P-trend = 0.01; Zn from red meat: HR = 1.51 (95% CI = 1.02, 2.24), P-trend = 0.01]. Dietary intakes of nonheme iron, Mg, vitamin C, and β-carotene were not associated with risk of MetS, T2D, or CVD"
• Serum ferritin levels associated with increased risk for developing CHD in a low-income urban population - Public Health Nutr. 2012 Jan 10:1-8 - "For men, there was a 0.5 % increase in risk for every 10-unit rise in serum ferritin (pmol/l). Other significant predictors included increased BMI, white race, unemployment and C-reactive protein ≥9.5 mg/l. For women, there was a 5.1 % increase in risk per 10-unit rise in serum ferritin (pmol/l). Other significant predictors included increased BMI, lower education, unemployment and C-reactive protein ≥9.5 mg/l"
• The association of biomarkers of iron status with mortality in US adults - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Feb 15 - "The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality comparing the fourth versus the second quartiles of ferritin and transferrin saturation were 1.09 (0.82-1.44; p-trend across quartiles = 0.92) and 1.08 (0.82-1.43; p-trend across quartiles = 0.62), respectively, for men, 1.43 (0.63-3.23; p-trend across quartiles = 0.31) and 1.48 (0.70-3.11; p-trend across quartiles = 0.60), respectively, for premenopausal women, and 1.03 (0.79-1.34; p-trend across quartiles = 0.95) and 1.17 (0.92-1.49; p-trend across quartiles = 0.63), respectively, for postmenopausal women. Quartile of ferritin and transferrin saturation also showed no association between biomarkers of iron status and mortality ... CONCLUSIONS: In a large nationally representative sample of US adults, within the spectrum of normal iron metabolism, ferritin and transferrin saturation were not associated with risk of mortality among people who were not taking iron supplements and did not have a baseline history of cardiovascular disease or cancer"
• Iron stores are associated with asymptomatic atherosclerosis in healthy men of primary prevention - Eur J Clin Invest. 2011 Jan 31 - "carotid intima-media thickness (IACC) ... The plasma-circulating transferrin receptor concentration to plasma ferritin concentration ratio (TfR/F) showed significant association with IACC (r = -0·310, P = 0·008 vs. r = 0·295, P = 0·012). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the correlation of TfR/F with IACC is independent of traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis ... Our study showed a clear association of body iron stores expressed by the TfR/F ratio with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis"
• Serum ferritin and amphetamine response in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2010 Dec;20(6):495-502 - "Their ADHD symptoms were moderately severe at baseline (SNAP item mean = 2.1). Their mean ferritin concentration was 18.4 ng/mL, with 23% of the participants having a level below 7, the assay-defined threshold for ID. Serum ferritin was inversely correlated with baseline inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and total ADHD symptom scores (Partial Spearman's r = -0.31, p = 0.04; r = -0.42, p < 0.006; and r = -0.43, p < 0.004, respectively) and with the weight-adjusted dose of amphetamine used to optimize clinical response (Partial Spearman's r = -0.45, p < 0.007). Psychotropic-treatment history moderated some, but not all, of these associations, with previously medicated children showing a stronger association between ferritin concentration and ADHD symptom severity" - See Slow Fe Slow Release Iron Tablets 90-Count Box.
• Oral iron supplementation leads to oxidative imbalance in anemic women: A prospective study - Clin Nutr. 2010 Sep 29 - "the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and antioxidant vitamins A, C and E were found significantly decreased ... Study found recommended dose of iron effective for improving Hb, but at the cost of increased oxidative stress (mild > moderate > severe). It is suggested that blind iron supplementation should be avoided and shall be provided on need basis"
• Hair loss in long-term or home parenteral nutrition: are micronutrient deficiencies to blame? - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Sep 4 - "A serum ferritin level of 70 mug/l should be targeted when hair loss is unexplained"
• Do high ferritin levels confer lower cardiovascular risk in men with Type 2 diabetes? - Diabet Med. 2010 Apr;27(4):417-22 - "were divided according to ferritin quartiles (Q) as follows: QI-III, normal ferritin (NF; n = 318), mean +/- 1 sd ferritin 133 +/- 72 ng/ml; and QIV patients, high ferritin (HF; n = 106), ferritin 480 +/- 228 ng/ml ... the prevalence of macroangiopathy was unexpectedly much lower in patients with high ferritin, as follows: 25% vs. 43% for overall macroangiopathy; 7% vs. 16% for peripheral artery disease; and 16% vs. 31% for coronary artery disease (P = 0.0009, P = 0.0140 and P = 0.0035, respectively, vs. NF patients). Insulin resistance index and prevalence of liver steatosis were higher in HF compared with NF patients as follows: 2.17% vs. 1.89% and 78% vs. 64% (P = 0.0345 and P = 0.0059, respectively). Liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase) were significantly higher in HF, by 33%, 42% and 72%, respectively (all P < 0.0002), suggesting a higher prevalence of steatohepatitis ... Our results demonstrate that T2DM males with high ferritin levels exhibit a markedly decreased prevalence of macroangiopathy, despite more severe insulin resistance and higher markers of steatohepatitis. High ferritin levels and/or steatosis may thus paradoxically confer a lowered cardiovascular risk in diabetic males" - See Slow Fe Slow Release Iron Tablets 90-Count Box at Amazon.com.
• Iron excess in recreational marathon runners - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar 3 - "Iron deficiency was defined either as a plasma ferritin (PF) concentration <15 mug/l (iron depletion) ... iron overload was defined as PF >200 mug/l ... Median PF among males was 104 mug/l"
• Association between serum ferritin level and fibromyalgia syndrome - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jan 20 - "The mean serum ferritin levels in the fibromyalgia (FM) and control groups were 27.3+/-20.9 and 43.8+/-30.8 ng/ml, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ...having a serum ferritin level <50 ng/ml caused a 6.5-fold increased risk for FMS"
• Dietary iron intake and risk of endometrial cancer: a population-based case-control study in Shanghai, China - Nutr Cancer. 2010;62(1):40-50 - "Dietary red meat and animal fat have been linked to endometrial cancer (EC) risk, but the impact of bioavailable iron in animal-derived foods has been less well studied ... Animal-derived iron intake was positively associated with EC risk [adjusted OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.4-2.7, P(trend) < 0.01, highest vs. lowest quartile], predominantly after menopause (OR = 2.2; 95%CI = 1.4-3.4, P(trend) < 0.01) and in women with BMI >or= 25 kg/m(2)(OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.4-7.5 in postmenopausal obese women, P(trend) < 0.01). Animal-derived fat was also associated with postmenopausal EC risk (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.2-2.5, P(trend) < 0.01). Multiplicative interactions between animal-derived iron and BMI or animal-derived fat intake were not observed. Animal-derived iron intake is associated with increased risk of EC after menopause and among obese women. Avoidance of animal-derived (heme) iron may reduce the risk of EC in these women"
• Low Total and Nonheme Iron Intakes Are Associated with a Greater Risk of Hypertension - J Nutr. 2009 Nov 18 - "Low nonheme iron intake at baseline was associated with a greater increase in systolic BP (SBP) and pulse pressure over time after adjustment for multiple possible confounding factors (P-trend = 0.002 and 0.0005, respectively). Conversely, participants in the 3rd tertile of nonheme iron intake at baseline had a 37% lower risk of hypertension after 5.4 y of follow-up compared with those in the first tertile (P-trend = 0.04). Heme iron intake was not associated with BP changes or risk of hypertension. Meat intake was positively associated with an increase in SBP (P-trend = 0.04). However, that relation became nonsignificant after adjusting for dietary pattern scores. Baseline hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations were not associated with changes in BP or incidental hypertension. Our data support a possible role of low nonheme iron intake, independent of heme iron intake, in the development of hypertension"
• Severe Iron Deficiency Decreases Both Bone Formation and Bone Resorption in Rats - J Nutr. 2008 Dec 23 - "These results suggest that severe iron deficiency decreases not only bone formation but also bone resorption"
• Why Iron Deficiency Is Important in Infant Development - J Nutr. 2008 Dec;138(12):2534-2536 - "Rodent studies also show effects of iron deficiency during gestation and lactation that persist into adulthood despite restoration of iron status at weaning. These studies indicate that gestation and early lactation are likely critical periods when iron deficiency will result in long-lasting damage"
• Ferritin concentrations, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Sep 16 - "Elevated circulating ferritin concentrations were associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Chinese independent of obesity, inflammation, adipokines and other risk factors. Our data supports the crucial role of iron overload for metabolic diseases even in a country with relatively high prevalence of iron deficiency"
• HbA1C, but not serum glycated albumin, is elevated in late pregnancy due to iron deficiency - Diabetes Care. 2008 Jul 3 - "HbA(1C) levels were elevated in late pregnancy due to iron deficiency. Serum GA may offer a better index for monitoring glycemic control in pregnancy"
• Iron treatment normalizes cognitive functioning in young women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):778-87 - "Severity of anemia primarily affects processing speed, and severity of iron deficiency affects accuracy of cognitive function over a broad range of tasks. Thus, the effects of iron deficiency on cognition are not limited to the developing brain"
• Effect of treatment with food supplement (containing: selected sea fish cartilage, vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid, zinc, copper) in women with iron deficiency: double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial - Minerva Med. 2006 Oct;97(5):385-390 - "in patients with iron deficiency, the use of a food supplement, consisting of nutrients that improve the bioavailability of Fe, leads to a significant improvement in blood iron and blood ferritin levels"
• Are we giving too much iron? Low-dose iron therapy is effective in octogenarians - Am J Med. 2005 Oct;118(10):1142-7
• Effects of 4 weeks iron supplementation on haematological and immunological status in elite female soccer players - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;13(4):353-358 - "These results suggest that 4 weeks of iron supplementation by elite female soccer players significantly increased body iron stores and inhibited decrease of haemoglobin concentration induced by soccer training"
• Iron Deficiency Alters Brain Development and Functioning - J. Nutr. 133:1468S-1472S, May 2003 - "Iron deficiency anemia in early life is related to altered behavioral and neural development. Studies in human infants suggest that this is an irreversible effect that may be related to changes in chemistry of neurotransmitters, organization and morphology of neuronal networks, and neurobiology of myelination"
• Ferric Citrate is Half as Effective as Ferrous Sulfate in Meeting the Iron Requirement of Juvenile Tilapia - J. Nutr. 133:483-488, 2/03
• Nutritional factors and hair loss - Clinical & Experimental Dermatology, 7/02 - "serum ferritin concentrations were a factor in female hair loss ... The role of the essential amino acid, l-lysine in hair loss also appears to be important. Double-blind data confirmed the findings of an open study in women with increased hair shedding, where a significant proportion responded to l-lysine and iron therapy" - See iHerb and Vitacost l-lysine products.

Other possible iron retailers:

Related Searches:

• Doctor's Guide search of iron
• Doctor's Guide (2) search of iron
• Intelihealth search of iron
• Life Extension Foundation search
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• Nutrition Science News search
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