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Home > Anti-aging Research > Grains
Grains
News & Research:
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Whole Grains Fight Belly Fat - WebMD, 2/25/08 -
"Both groups experienced a decrease in body fat, but the whole-grain group
lost significantly more body fat from the abdominal region than the
refined-grain group. Excessive fat around the midsection is linked to an
increased risk of heart disease ... The whole-grain group experienced other
benefits. For example, CRP levels dropped by 38% among those who followed a
whole-grain diet"
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Whole Grain Diets Lower Risk Of Chronic Disease, Study Shows - Science
Daily, 2/5/08 - "Consumption of whole grains has
been associated with a lower body weight and lower blood pressure ... waist
circumference and body weight decreased significantly in both groups --
between 8-11 pounds on average -- but weight loss in the abdominal region
was significantly greater in the whole grain group ... the whole grain group
experienced a 38 percent decrease in C-reactive protein levels ...
Participants in the whole grain group also showed an increased intake of
fiber and magnesium, both of which may prevent or delay the potential onset
of diabetes"
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Oatmeal's Health Claims Reaffirmed, Study Suggests - Science Daily,
1/8/08 - "studies conducted during the past 15 years
have, without exception, shown: ... total cholesterol levels are lowered
through oat consumption ... low-density lipoprotein (LDL, the "bad"
cholesterol) is reduced without adverse effects on high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDL, the "good" cholesterol), or triglyceride concentrations"
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More support for whole grains for healthy hearts - Nutra USA< 1/7/08 -
"25 women and 25 men (average age 46, average BMI
35.8 kg per sq. m) were assigned to consume a reduced calorie diet (reduced
by 500 kcal/d) with half of the subjects then randomly assigned to obtain
all of their grain servings from whole grains or to avoid wholegrain foods
for 12 weeks ... CRP levels fell by 38 per cent in the whole-grain"
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Whole Grains Cut Heart Failure Risk - WebMD, 10/22/07 -
"the risk of heart failure among those who ate
breakfast cereal at least seven times a week was 29% lower than that the
risk among those who never ate cereal, after adjusting for other heart
disease risk factors ... When researchers further analyzed the results they
found this healthy effect was associated with whole-grain cereals only, not
with refined breakfast cereals"
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Whole Grains vs. High Blood Pressure - WebMD, 8/10/07 -
"Compared to women who reported eating less than
half a daily serving of whole grains, women who claimed to eat at least four
daily servings of whole grains were about 23% less likely to be diagnosed
with high blood pressure during the study"
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Grain Fiber And Magnesium Intake Associated With Lower Risk For Diabetes
- Science Daily, 5/14/07 - "those
who consumed the most cereal fiber had a 33 percent lower risk of developing
diabetes than those who took in the least, while those who consumed the most
magnesium had a 23 percent lower risk than those who consumed the least.
There was no association between fruit or vegetable fiber and diabetes risk"
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Health Benefits Of Whole Grains Confirmed - Science Daily, 5/9/07 -
"Consuming an average of 2.5
servings of whole grains each day is associated with a 21 percent lower risk
of cardiovascular disease compared to consuming only 0.2 servings"
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Whole-Grain Oats Cut Cholesterol - WebMD, 4/18/07 -
"people who ate whole-grain oatmeal
had lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels compared with those
who ate refined grain foods. The average reduction in total cholesterol
levels was 7.7 mg/dL and the average reduction in LDL cholesterol levels was
7 mg/dL"
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Whole Grain Oats May Reduce Risk Factors For Coronary Heart Disease -
Science Daily, 4/17/07
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Whole-Grain Cereals Cut Heart Failure - WebMD, 3/2/07 -
"were followed for about 18 years,
on average ... Those who reported eating at least seven weekly servings of
whole-grain breakfast cereals were 21% less likely to develop heart failure
during the study, compared with those who ate no whole-grain breakfast
cereals"
- Starch
Intake May Increase Risk for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - Medscape,
6/27/06 - "Starch intake was
directly associated with increased risk for BPH with an OR of 1.51 ... The
main sources of starch in the subjects were white bread, pasta, and rice ...
An inverse relationship was observed for polyunsaturated fats (OR, 0.72; 95%
CI, 0.55 - 0.93), linoleic acid (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56 - 0.94), and
linolenic acid (OR, 0.71"
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Grains and Pasta (fiber content) - Intelihealth
- Whole
wheat gets an image make-over - MSNBC, 5/10/06
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Wholegrains better than refined grains to lower bad fats - Nutra USA,
3/22/06 - "After eating the
refined-grain diet the researchers found that serum levels of both
triglycerides and apoCIII were significantly higher than after eating the
whole grain diet"
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The hard truth about stone-ground flour - USA Today, 3/13/06
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How
Nice, Brown Rice: Study Shows Rice Bran Lowers Blood Pressure In Rats -
Science Daily, 3/3/06 - "adding rice
bran to the diets of hypertensive, stroke-prone rats lowered the animals’
systolic blood pressure by about 20 percent and, via the same mechanism,
inhibited angiotensin-1 converting enzyme, or ACE"
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Older Adults May Reduce Risk Of Metabolic Syndrome By Eating More Whole
Grains - Science Daily, 2/6/06
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Older Adults May Reduce Risk of Metabolic Syndrome by Eating More Whole
Grains - Doctor's Guide, 2/6/06 -
"as whole-grain intake increased,
fasting blood sugar levels were lower in these subjects. Refined grain
intake, on the other hand, was associated with higher fasting blood sugar
levels ... people who consumed high amounts of refined grains had twice the
risk of having metabolic syndrome than those people who consumed the fewest
servings of refined grains"
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Wholegrains ease metabolic syndrome in older people - Nutra USA, 1/12/06
- "Volunteers in the highest
wholegrain intake group (3 servings per day) were statistically half as
likely to develop MetS as those who consumed less than half a serving per
day"
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Heart study strengthens interest in wholegrain products - Nutra USA,
7/28/05 - "Women with a history of
heart disease who participated in a research study and reported having eaten
six or more servings of per week had slower progression of atherosclerosis
... Insufficient milling breakthroughs had, until last year, prevented
bakers from making a wholegrain bread with a similar taste and texture to
white bread"
- How whole
grains can fight disease - MSNBC, 3/4/05 -
"A greater whole-grain consumption
than Americans currently have is linked in several studies with lower death
rates from both heart disease and cancer ... whole grain consumption can
result in 17 to 35 percent fewer deaths from these two diseases"
- Whole Grains Help Your Heart - WebMD, 12/29/04 -
"Eating just 25 grams of whole grains a day reduces the risk of heart disease by about 15%"
- Barley Helps Lower Cholesterol - WebMD, 12/8/04
- Eat Whole-Grain Carbs, Gain Less Weight - WebMD, 11/17/04 -
"Eating 40 grams of whole grains a day cuts middle-age weight gain by as much as 3.5 pounds ... Whole grains have
three parts: bran, germ, and the starchy endosperm ... all three parts of whole grains work together"
- Research: Refined Grains Expand Girths - Intelihealth, 6/21/04 -
"three years they were tracked ... At the end, the white bread group
had three times the fiber group's gain at the gut ... I think abdominal fat cells may be more sensitive to insulin's effects than other fat cells in the body"
- Eating Whole Grains Pays Off - WebMD, 2/19/04 -
"greater consumption of whole-grain, cereal fiber, and diets with lower glycemic index were associated
with better insulin sensitivity and were less likely to be affected by insulin resistant or the metabolic syndrome"
- Wholegrain intake associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome - Nutra USA, 2/18/04 -
"intakes of total dietary fiber, cereal fiber, fruit fiber, and wholegrains were inversely associated, whereas glycemic index and glycemic load were positively associated with insulin resistance"
- Buckwheat May Help Manage Diabetes - WebMD, 11/21/03
- Buckwheat May Be Beneficial For Managing Diabetes - Intelihealth, 11/18/03 -
"extracts of the seed lowered blood glucose levels by 12
percent to 19 percent when fed to diabetic rats ... incorporation of buckwheat into the diet could help provide a safe, easy and inexpensive way to lower glucose levels and reduce the risk of complications associated with the disease, including heart, nerve and kidney problems"
- Higher Whole-Grain Intake Associated With Increased Insulin Sensitivity - Medscape, 11/7/03 -
"Given that insulin sensitivity is one of the main predictors of
diabetes, our findings support previous reports on the protective effects of whole grains on the risk of developing diabetes in men and women by substantiating one of the underlying mechanisms"
- Whole Grain Cereals Prolong Life - New Hope Natural Media, 6/12/03
- Searching for ideal diet in sea of conflicting food advice - USA Today, 4/20/03 -
"Dr. Walter Willett, chairman of the nutrition
department at Harvard School of Public Health ... Willett has assembled an "ideal" diet of his own that relies on healthier plant oils instead of animal fats, and whole grains and high-fiber carbohydrates (think brown rice and wheat pasta) over refined grains like white rice ... It
emphasizes plenty of vegetables and fruits, and healthy protein sources — such as fish, poultry, nuts and legumes — instead of red meat and high-fat dairy products. Willett also recommends a daily multivitamin, moderate alcohol consumption and regular physical activity"
- Whole-Grain Cereal Lengthens Lives - thesandiegochannel.com, 3/28/03 -
"men who ate one serving of whole-grain, high-fiber cereal every day
were nearly 30 percent less likely to die from heart disease or other diet-related diseases ... the more whole-grain cereal the men ate, the lower their risk of death from heart disease ... Whole-grain cereals contain the kind of fiber that helps lower cholesterol and blood
pressure and improves how the body processes insulin and glucose. Whole grains also have more vitamins, minerals and antioxidants than refined cereal ... To make sure a cereal contains whole grains, check the ingredient list. Whole grain or bran should be listed as the first ingredient ... To be a whole-grain
cereal, it must contain at least 2 grams of fiber per serving, preferably more"
- Breakfast Reduces Diabetes, Heart Disease - WebMD, 3/6/03 -
"A daily breakfast may reduce the risk of becoming obese or
developing signs that can lead to diabetes -- called insulin resistance syndrome -- by 35% to 50% compared with skipping the morning meal ... Their recommendation: A bowl of whole-grain cereal ... eating whole-grain cereal each day was associated with a 15% reduction in risk for the
insulin resistance syndrome ... soluble fiber forms a gel-like material that prevents cholesterol and saturated fats from entering the bloodstream, where they can collect and form plaques on artery walls. The insoluble fiber in these cereals, meanwhile,
helps keep bowel movement regular and may help reduce risk of colon problems"
- Whole-Grain Diet Reduces Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 9/22/03
- Breakfast Cereal and Heart Disease - WebMD, 2/26/03 -
"the more whole-grain cereal the men ate, the lower their risk of death from heart disease or any
other cause was. For example, men who ate at least one serving of whole-grain breakfast cereal per day had a 27% lower risk of death from any cause compared with those who rarely ate whole-grain cereal ... men who ate the most whole-grain cereals also had a 28% lower risk of death due to heart disease and a 23%
lower risk of heart attack than men who ate the least whole-grain cereal ... whole grains are thought to help lower cholesterol and blood pressure and improve how the body processes insulin and glucose. Compared with their highly processed and refined counterparts, whole-grain cereals also contain more beneficial
micronutrients, antioxidants, minerals, and fiber"
- Whole Grain Intake Reduces Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Men - New Hope Natural Media, 12/26/02 -
"People who consumed the highest amount of whole grains (3.2
servings per day) had a 30% to 40% reduction in risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared with those who ate less than 1 serving a day ... The benefits of whole grains may be due to their increased content of fiber, which is mostly removed in process of refining whole grains to white
flour. However, some studies suggest that the higher amount of magnesium in whole grains also contributes to the lower risk of diabetes"
- Stuffing Rich in Antioxidants - WebMD, 11/8/02 -
"In the crust, they found eight times more of an antioxidant called pronyl-lysine
than in the crumbs. The original flour contained none of the compound ... Pronyl-lysine is formed during baking in both yeast-based and yeast-free bread"
- Diets High In Whole Grains May Reduce The Risk Of Developing Type 2 Diabetes In Men - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/02
- Whole Grains Reduce Long-Term Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes In Men - Intelihealth, 8/23/02
- Want to Reduce Your Diabetes Risk? - WebMD, 7/25/02 -
"those who reported eating the most servings of whole grain foods tended to have lower insulin
levels, lower body weights, and lower cholesterol levels ... The study is just the latest to find that foods such as slow-cooking oatmeal, popcorn, brown rice, and certain processed whole grain breads and cereals are protective against type 2 diabetes. Eating whole grain foods has also
been shown to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease ... the wildly popular weight-loss programs that restrict or eliminate carbohydrates from the diet are delivering the false message that all carbohydrates are bad"
- Millet: A Good Grain? - Dr. Weil, 7/12/02
- Buckwheat Basics? - Dr. Weil, 6/7/02
- Diet Rich In Fruits, Vegetables Lowers Risk Of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers - Doctor's Guide, 5/24/02 -
"Intake of whole grains and
fibre derived from a diet rich in fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of upper aerodigestive tract (UAT)
cancers"
- Food For Thought: Great Gains From Whole Grains - Intelihealth, 3/27/02
- Nutrient-Rich Quinoa Makes A Comeback - Natural Foods Merchandiser, 2/03
- Going Against the Grain, Consumers Have a Lot to Learn About Dietary Recommendations - WebMD. 3/14/01 -
"the majority also incorrectly believed that 4.3 servings a day was enough. Since 1992, the
USDA has recommended 6-11 servings a day, depending on age, gender, and activity level"
- Whole Grains Cut Ischemic Stroke Risk - Nutrition Science News, 12/00
- Whole Grains, Fruits, Vegetables May Decrease Stroke Risk - WebMD, 9/26/00
- Whole Grains Cut Stroke Risk In Women - Intelihealth, 9/26/00
- You Are What You Eat: New Theories About Rheumatoid Arthritis - WebMD, 4/18/00
Abstracts:
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The
effects of a whole grain enriched hypocaloric diet on cardiovascular disease
risk factors in men and women with metabolic syndrome - J Clin Nutr. 2008
Jan;87(1):79-90 - "Both hypocaloric diets were effective
means of improving CVD risk factors with moderate weight loss. There were
significantly (P < 0.05) greater decreases in CRP and percentage body fat in the
abdominal region in participants consuming whole grains than in those consuming
refined grains"
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Whole- and refined-grain intakes and the risk of hypertension in women - Am
J Clin Nutr. 2007 Aug;86(2):472-9 - "Higher whole-grain
intake was associated with a reduced risk of hypertension in middle-aged and
older women"
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Whole-grain consumption is associated with a reduced risk of noncardiovascular,
noncancer death attributed to inflammatory diseases in the Iowa Women's Health
Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jun;85(6):1606-14 - "The reduction in inflammatory mortality
associated with habitual whole-grain intake was larger than that previously
reported for coronary heart disease and diabetes. Because a variety of
phytochemicals are found in whole grains that may directly or indirectly inhibit
oxidative stress, and because oxidative stress is an inevitable consequence of
inflammation, we suggest that oxidative stress reduction by constituents of
whole grain is a likely mechanism for the protective effect"
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Whole-grain intake and carotid artery atherosclerosis in a multiethnic cohort:
the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007
Jun;85(6):1495-502 - "carotid intimal
medial thickness (IMT) ... common carotid artery (CCA) ... Whole-grain intake is
inversely associated with CCA IMT, and this relation is not attributable to
individual risk intermediates, single nutrient constituents, or larger dietary
patterns"
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Blood glucose lowering effects of brown rice in normal and diabetic subjects
- Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2006 May-Jun;57(3-4):151-8 - "The total sugar released in vitro was
23.7% lower in brown rice than in milled rice. In healthy volunteers, the
glycemic area and glycemic index were, respectively, 19.8% and 12.1% lower (p <
0.05) in brown rice than milled rice, while in diabetics, the respective values
were 35.2% and 35.6% lower. The effect was partly due to the higher amounts of
phytic acid, polyphenols, dietary fiber and oil in brown compared to milled rice
and the difference in some physicochemical properties of the rice samples such
as minimum cooking time and degree of gelatinisation"
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Whole-grain foods do not affect insulin sensitivity or markers of lipid
peroxidation and inflammation in healthy, moderately overweight subjects - J
Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6):1401-7 - "substitution of whole grains (mainly based on milled wheat) for refined-grain
products in the habitual daily diet of healthy moderately overweight adults for
6-wk did not affect insulin sensitivity or markers of lipid peroxidation and
inflammation"
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Fiber and Magnesium Intake and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study
and Meta-analysis - Arch Intern Med. 2007 May 14;167(9):956-65 -
"Higher cereal fiber and magnesium
intakes may decrease diabetes risk"
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Muesli with 4 g oat beta-glucans lowers glucose and insulin responses after a
bread meal in healthy subjects - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Apr 4 -
"Muesli enriched with 4 g of beta-glucans
reduces postprandial glucose and insulin levels to a breakfast based on high
glycaemic index products. A total of 4 g of beta-glucans from oats seems to be a
critical level for a significant decrease in glucose and insulin responses in
healthy people"
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Whole-grain diets reduce blood pressure in mildly hypercholesterolemic men and
women - J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Sep;106(9):1445-9 -
"Systolic pressure was lower after the
wheat/rice and half-and-half diets. Diastolic and mean arterial pressures were
reduced by all whole-grain diets"
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Whole grains, bran, and germ in relation to homocysteine and markers of glycemic
control, lipids, and inflammation 1 - Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Feb;83(2):275-283
- "Whole-grain intake was inversely
associated with homocysteine and markers of glycemic control ... Inverse
associations were also observed with total cholesterol (P = 0.02), HDL
cholesterol (P = 0.05), and LDL cholesterol ... Whole-grain intake was most
strongly inversely associated with markers of glycemic control in this
population"
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Cereal fiber and whole-grain intake are associated with reduced progression of
coronary-artery atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with coronary artery
disease - Am Heart J. 2005 Jul;150(1):94-101 -
"Intakes of total, fruit, and vegetable
fiber, and number of servings of refined grain, fruits, or vegetable were not
associated with progression ... Higher intakes of cereal fiber and whole-grain
products are associated with less progression of coronary atherosclerosis in
postmenopausal women with established CAD"
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Changes in whole-grain, bran, and cereal fiber consumption in relation to 8-y weight gain among men - Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Nov;80(5):1237-45 -
"an increase in whole-grain intake was inversely associated with long-term weight gain (P for trend < 0.0001). A dose-response relation was observed, and for every 40-g/d increment in whole-grain intake from all foods, weight gain was reduced by 0.49 kg. Bran
that was added to the diet or obtained from fortified-grain foods further reduced the risk of weight gain (P for trend = 0.01), and, for every 20 g/d increase in intake, weight gain was reduced by 0.36 kg"
- Whole-grain intake and insulin sensitivity: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Nov;78(5):965-71 -
"Higher intakes of whole grains were associated with increases in insulin sensitivity"
- Why whole grains are protective: biological mechanisms - Proc Nutr Soc 2003 Feb;62(1):129-34 -
"First, whole grains are
concentrated sources of dietary fibre, resistant starch and oligosaccharides, carbohydrates that escape digestion in the small intestine and are fermented in the gut, producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). SCFA lower colonic pH, serve as an energy source for the colonocytes and may alter blood lipids. These
improvements in the gut environment may provide immune protection beyond the gut. Second, whole grains are rich in antioxidants, including trace minerals and phenolic compounds, and these compounds have been linked to disease prevention. Additionally, whole grains mediate insulin and glucose responses. Although
lower glycaemic load and glycaemic index have been linked to diabetes and obesity, risk of cancers such as colon and breast cancer have also been linked to high intake of readily-available carbohydrate. Finally, whole grains contain many other compounds that may protect against chronic disease. These compunds
include phytate, phyto-oestrogens such as lignan, plant stanols and sterols, and vitamins and minerals."
- Whole grains protect against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease - Proc Nutr Soc 2003 Feb;62(1):135-42 -
"Generous
intake of whole grains also provides protection from development of diabetes and obesity. Diets rich in wholegrain foods tend to decrease serum LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels as well as blood pressure while increasing serum HDL-cholesterol levels. Whole-grain intake may also favourably
alter antioxidant status, serum homocysteine levels, vascular reactivity and the inflammatory state. Whole-grain components that appear to make major contributions to these protective effects are: dietary fibre; vitamins; minerals; antioxidants; phytosterols; other phytochemicals. Three servings of whole grains
daily are recommended to provide these health benefits"
- Whole-grain and fiber intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes - AJCN, 3/1/03 -
"Whole-grain consumption was associated with a reduced risk
of type 2 diabetes. The relative risk (adjusted for age, sex, geographic area, smoking status, body mass index, energy intake, and intakes of vegetables, fruit, and berries) between the highest and lowest quartiles of whole-grain consumption was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.36, 1.18; P for trend =
0.02). Cereal fiber intake was also associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. The relative risk between the extreme quartiles of cereal fiber intake was 0.39"
- Is intake of breakfast cereals related to total and cause-specific mortality in men? - AJCN, 3/1/03 -
"Compared with men who rarely or never
consumed whole-grain cereal, men in the highest category of whole-grain cereal intake ( 1 serving/d) had multivariate-estimated relative risks of total and CVD-specific mortality of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.94; P for trend < 0.001) and 0.80"
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