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Anti-aging Research > Choline.
Choline
Specific Recommendations:
News & Research:
-
Nutritional Supplement Boosts Cognition in Healthy Women - Medscape, 6/21/11
- "Citicoline, a naturally occurring substance found in the brain and liver and
marketed as a nutritional supplement, enhanced aspects of cognition in healthy
women and may have a role in mitigating the cognitive decline associated with
normal aging ... It may also improve the attention deficits associated with
psychiatric disorders ... The women were divided into 3 groups of 20 and
randomly assigned to receive a daily oral citicoline dose of 250 mg (low dose)
or 500 mg (high dose) or placebo for 28 days ... participants who received low-
or high-dose citicoline showed improved attention, demonstrating fewer
commission and omission errors on the CPT-II compared with the placebo group"
-
Science builds for attention boosting potential of Cognizin Citicoline -
Nutra USA, 5/18/11 - "Citicoline has been shown to have a variety of
cognitive-enhancing and neuroregenerative properties in pre-clinical and
clinical studies ... Our findings suggest that citicoline may mitigate the
cognitive decline associated with normal aging and may ameliorate attentional
deficits associated with psychiatric disorders"
-
Boosting
supply of key brain chemical reduces fatigue in mice - Science Daily,
12/10/10 - "Researchers at Vanderbilt University have "engineered" a mouse that
can run on a treadmill twice as long as a normal mouse by increasing its supply
of acetylcholine ... could lead to new treatments for neuromuscular disorders
such as myasthenia gravis, which occurs when cholinergic nerve signals fail to
reach the muscles ... The choline transporter is vital to the capacity for
muscle contraction -- including the ability to breathe -- because it regulates
the supply of choline, the precursor to acetylcholine. "We reasoned that giving
more of this protein might enhance muscle function and reduce nerve-dependent
fatigue,""
-
Supplement may prevent alcohol-related brain, skull defects - Science Daily,
5/27/10 - "The dietary supplement CDP-choline, sold as a brain-boosting agent
and under study for stroke and traumatic brain injury, may block skull and brain
damage that can result from alcohol consumption early in pregnancy ... 25
percent of mouse embryos exposed to alcohol during that critical period had
defects in the fibrous joints that connect the skull ... When they added
ceramide-neutralizing CDP-choline to the mouse cells, cell death and ceramide
levels were reduced" - See
citcoline products at iHerb.
-
Low
Choline Levels In Pregnant Women Raise Babies' Risk For Brain And
Spinal-cord Defects, Study Shows - Science Daily, 8/16/09 -
"Choline, an essential nutrient found in egg yolks,
soy, wheat germ and meats, was the only nutrient measured whose blood levels
were linked to risk of neural tube defects"
-
Nutrient cocktail may boost memory and learning: study - Nutra USA,
7/10/08 - "It may be possible to use this
[combination] to partially restore brain function in people with diseases
that decrease the number of brain neurons, including, for example,
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, strokes and brain injuries. Of course,
such speculations have to be tested in double-blind, placebo-controlled
clinical trials ... supplemented the diets of gerbils with uridine (in its
monophosphate form, 0.5 per cent) and choline (0.1 per cent), and
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 300 mg/kg/day) for four weeks ... At the end of
the study, significant increases in phospholipid levels in the brain were
observed when the compounds were given together, while administration of
only DHA or UMP or UMP plus choline produced smaller increases" - [Abstract]
- See
Citi Choline products at iHerb
and
Jarrow Max DHA at iHerb.
-
Dietary uridine
enhances the improvement in learning and memory produced by administering
DHA to gerbils - FASEB J. 2008 Jul 7 - "These
findings demonstrate that a treatment that increases synaptic membrane
content can enhance cognitive functions in normal animals" - See
Citi Choline products at iHerb
and
Jarrow Max DHA at iHerb.
-
Pine bark extract boost for blood flow and heart health - Nutra USA,
10/18/07 - "Acetylcholine stimulates the cells of
arteries to produce NO from L-arginine faster ... In turn, the NO causes the
muscle surrounding arteries to relax, which results in an increase of blood
vessel diameters. When subjects had taken Pycnogenol the relaxation of
arteries was increased by 42 per cent as compared to the group taking
placebo tablets"
-
Choline Effective in Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma - Medscape, 10/11/07
- "Treatment with choline chloride has significant
anti-inflammatory activity in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation"
-
The association between betaine and choline intakes and the plasma
concentrations of homocysteine in women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007
Oct;86(4):1073-1081 - "Total choline + betaine
intake was inversely associated with tHcy, as was choline from 2
water-soluble choline-containing compounds. Remethylation of tHcy may be
more dependent on the betaine pathway when methyl sources are low as a
result of either inadequate folate intake or heavier alcohol consumption"
-
Choline May Promote Colon Polyps - WebMD, 8/7/07 -
"that doesn't mean that choline caused those polyps
-- or that avoiding choline prevents polyps. Observational studies such as
this one don't prove cause and effect"
-
Need More Choline? - Dr.
Weil, 7/3/07
-
Nutritional Supplement Given After Birth Improves Learning And Behavior In Rats
Exposed To Alcohol During Development - Science Daily, 3/1/07 -
"Choline plays a number of roles in
brain development. It is also a precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter
involved in learning and cognition, among other functions ... giving choline to
rat pups exposed to alcohol during the equivalent of the third trimester, when
there's a spurt in brain growth, significantly reduced the severity of
alcohol-related over-activity and spatial learning deficits. The benefits lasted
months after choline treatment, suggesting that choline's effects are
long-lasting"
-
Increased choline intake could cut CVD risk, suggests study - Nutra USA,
6/22/06
-
MIT
Research Offers New Hope For Alzheimer's Patients - Science Daily, 4/27/06 -
"The three compounds in the treatment
cocktail - omega-3 fatty acids, uridine and choline - are all needed by brain
neurons to make phospholipids, the primary component of cell membranes"
-
Memory enhancer named best new ingredient
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, 4/04 -
"Citicoline is a form of choline that helps replenish the brain with
phosphatidylserine ... In a double-blind trial of 84 elderly patients with
mild to moderate memory loss, subjects who took 1000mg of citicoline daily
for six weeks showed improvement in the acquisition of new information and
its recall and improvement in global memory efficiency"
- Research Links Nutrient in Eggs to Improved Memory
- WebMD, 3/12/04 - "has been
studying choline in animals for more than a decade and is also four years
into a study examining the effects of choline deficiency in humans. He says
those studies show that the current recommended intake of half a gram a day
-- the amount gotten by eating two large eggs -- is probably not enough for
some groups, especially young men"
-
Enhancing Cognitive Function - Life Extension Magazine, 5/00
-
How to Have a Smarter Child - WebMD, 10/8/01 -
"When Swartzwelder gave pregnant rats a diet containing three times the
usual amount of choline, their offspring did better on maze-learning and
similar tests of spatial memory. They also had improved function in the
brain region known as the hippocampus, which is vital for memory and
learning"
- Putting On Einstein's Thinking Cap - Life
Enhancement Magazine, 8/99
-
Be All That You Can Be - Life Enhancement Magazine, 7/99
Abstracts:
-
Citicoline
in Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Dementia After Stroke -
Stroke. 2010 Dec 16 - "Stroke doubles the risk of
dementia and is a major contributor to vascular cognitive impairment and
vascular dementia ... Citicoline has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in
acute stroke and has been shown to improve cognition in patients with chronic
cerebrovascular disease and in some patients with Alzheimer disease. A recent
trial lasting 6 months in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke showed that
citicoline prevented cognitive decline after stroke with significant improvement
of temporal orientation, attention, and executive function. Experimentally,
citicoline exhibits neuroprotective effects and enhances neural repair.
Citicoline appears to be a safe and promising alternative to improve stroke
recovery and could be indicated in patients with vascular cognitive impairment,
vascular dementia, and Alzheimer disease with significant cerebrovascular
disease"
-
Neuroprotection and Recovery: Recent Data at the Bench on Citicoline -
Stroke. 2010 Dec 16 - "Although the mechanisms of some of these actions remain
to be elucidated, so far citicoline appears as a drug with the ability to
promote "safe" neuroprotection capable of enhancing endogenous protective
pathways at the same time as preparing the scenario for plasticity" - See
citicoline products at iHerb.
-
Citicoline affects appetite and cortico-limbic responses to images
of high-calorie foods - Int J Eat Disord. 2009 Mar 3 -
"Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (citicoline)
has a variety of cognitive enhancing, neuroprotective, and
neuroregenerative properties. In cocaine-addicted individuals,
citicoline has been shown to increase brain dopamine levels and
reduce cravings ... After 6 weeks, there was no significant change
in weight status, although significant declines in appetite ratings
were observed for the 2,000 mg/day group. The higher dose group also
showed significant increases in functional brain responses to food
stimuli within the amygdala, insula, and lateral orbitofrontal
cortex. Increased activation in these regions correlated with
declines in appetite ratings ...These preliminary findings suggest a
potential usefulness of citicoline in modulating appetite, but
further research is warranted"
-
Dietary
choline and betaine intakes in relation to concentrations of
inflammatory markers in healthy adults: the ATTICA study - Am J
Clin Nutr. 2008 Feb;87(2):424-30 - "Compared
with the lowest tertile of choline intake (<250 mg/d), participants
who consumed >310 mg/d had, on average, 22% lower concentrations of
C-reactive protein (P < 0.05), 26% lower concentrations of
interleukin-6 (P < 0.05), and 6% lower concentrations of tumor
necrosis factor-alpha"
Where to purchase choline separately:
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