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Home > Anti-aging Research > Atkin's Diet.
Atkin's Diet
Related Topics:
News & Research:
-
High-Protein Diet Raises Type 2 Diabetes Risk - Medscape, 9/13/11 -
"The study consisted of 27,140 individuals 45 to 74
years of age who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study ... the
researchers found a 37% increased risk for type 2 diabetes associated with
high protein intake (hazard ratio [HR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI],
1.17 to 1.61; P for trend < .001]. High intake of processed meat was also
associated with an elevated risk for diabetes (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.00 to
1.36; P for trend = .005) ... The intake of breads and cereals rich in fiber
was associated with a lower risk of developing diabetes (HR, 0.95; 95% CI,
0.92 to 0.98; P for trend = .005)"
-
Animal-Based Low-Carbohydrate Diet Linked to Higher All-Cause Mortality
- Medscape, 9/7/10 - "In a pooled analysis comparing
the lowest vs the highest deciles, overall low-carbohydrate score was
associated with a slight increase in overall mortality rates (hazard ratio
[HR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 - 1.24; P for trend = .136).
Higher animal-based low-carbohydrate score was associated with higher
all-cause mortality rates (pooled HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.11 - 1.37; P for trend
= .051), cardiovascular deaths (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01 - 1.29; P for trend =
.029), and cancer-related deaths (corresponding HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02 -
1.60; P for trend = .089) ... In contrast, higher vegetable-based
low-carbohydrate score was linked to reduced all-cause mortality rates (HR,
0.80; 95% CI, 0.75 - 0.85; P for trend ≤ .001) and cardiovascular deaths
(HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68 - 0.87; P for trend < .001)"
-
High-protein diets may cause bone loss in older women, study - Nutra
USA, 7/8/10 - "Study 1 ... on average, all women
lost around 19 pounds, but those who ate the higher-protein, meat-containing
diet also lost bone mineral density by about 1.4 percent ... Study 2 ... All
women lost weight, but the groups that consumed the higher-protein
meat-containing diets again also lost bone mineral density by up to 1.4
percent compared to the control group ... In the first study, all the
participants con­sumed calcium supplements to achieve calcium intakes of
2,000mg per day. In the second study, about half of the participants
con­sumed calcium supplements ... However, in neither case were the
supplements found to impact the loss of bone density"
-
Eat less, live longer? - New Scientist, 6/3/10 -
"One piece of evidence for this idea comes from studies in fruit flies and
rodents. If these animals are fed special diets with less amino acids - the
building blocks of proteins - they can eat as many calories as they want and
still live longer ... The protein theory is bad news for people on
low-carbohydrate weight-loss plans like the Atkins diet. "I'd be wary of
diets that put a heavy emphasis on protein," says Piper. "It's hard to see
how that could be healthy." Fontana goes one step further, saying that
high-protein diets could risk accelerated ageing and cancer ... There may be
another reason for vegans to celebrate. Studies on flies and rodents suggest
that cutting intake of one particular amino acid, called methionine,
lengthens life to a similar degree as calorie restriction. Proteins in meat
and other animal products have high levels of methionine, so a vegan diet
would score well by that measure, too"
-
Low-Carb Diet Lowers Blood Pressure - WebMD, 1/25/10
-
'Anti-Atkins' Low Protein Diet Extends Lifespan In Flies - Science
Daily, 10/1/09 - Science Daily, 10/1/09 - "Flies fed
an "anti-Atkins" low protein diet live longer because their mitochondria
function better"
-
Low-carb
Diets Linked To Atherosclerosis And Impaired Blood Vessel Growth -
Science Daily, 8/25/09 - "Even as
low-carbohydrate/high-protein diets have proven successful at helping
individuals rapidly lose weight, little is known about the diets' long-term
effects on vascular health ... mice placed on a 12-week low
carbohydrate/high-protein diet showed a significant increase in
atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the heart's arteries and a leading
cause of heart attack and stroke ... our research suggests that, at least in
animals, these diets could be having adverse cardiovascular effects that are
not reflected in simple serum markers"
-
Recipe for Diabetes: Too Much Protein, Fat - WebMD, 4/7/09 -
"A high-fat diet may lead to insulin resistance, a
major step on the path to type 2 diabetes. But cutting back on fat may not
help those who continue to eat too much protein"
-
Atkins-Like Diet Worse for Cholesterol Compared to South Beach, Ornish
Diets, Study Says - WebMD, 4/1/09 - "While on
the low-carb, high-fat diet, LDL cholesterol levels increased slightly,
compared to decreases of about 12% and 17% respectively, during the South
Beach and Ornish phases of the study ... After a month on the Atkins-like
diet, study participants showed less blood vessel flexibility than they did
after a month on the Ornish diet ... CRP levels remained in the normal range
with all three diets, but levels went down slightly while participants were
on the South Beach and Ornish diets and they went up slightly on the
high-fat, low-carb diet"
-
Low-carb
Diets Can Affect Dieters' Cognition Skills - Science Daily, 12/11/08 -
"A new study from the psychology department at Tufts
University shows that when dieters eliminate carbohydrates from their meals,
they performed more poorly on memory-based tasks than when they reduce
calories, but maintain carbohydrates. When carbohydrates were reintroduced,
cognition skills returned to normal"
-
Ornish: Why
Atkins Still Doesn't Beat Low-Fat Diet - Newsweek, 7/16/08 -
"A new study comparing the Atkins diet, a
Mediterranean diet and a low-fat diet published on July 17 in The New
England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), is likely to inspire headlines saying
that the Atkins diet is better for your waistline and your health than a
low-fat diet ... I believe this study is extremely flawed. Here's why: ...
funded in part by the Atkins Foundation ... quality of data in this study
..."
-
Most
Effective Weight Loss Diet Revealed, According To New Study - Science
Daily, 1/11/08 - "a high protein, low carbohydrate
diet is most effective at reducing hunger and promoting weight loss, at
least in the short term"
-
Researchers Nix Low-carb Diet - Science Daily, 12/17/07 -
"The term used to describe diets that produce this
biological effect is ketogenic; hence, Atkins is a ketogenic,
low-carbohydrate (KLC) diet, and the Zone diet is considered a nonketogenic,
low-carbohydrate (NLC) diet ... the ketogenic diet may increase bone loss
because of an increase in acid in the body and not enough intake of
alkalizing minerals, such as potassium, to neutralize this effect. In
addition, a higher percentage of calcium was found in the urine of those on
the KLC diet, leading the researchers to believe that the bones are
“leaching” calcium ... the reduction in fat loss and weight loss was about
the same for both diets over a six-week trial. In addition, body mass index
was significantly lower after six weeks in both diet groups. However, those
following the KLC diet experienced a greater increase in LDL cholesterol
than those following the NLC diet"
-
Very
Low Carbohydrate Diets May Disrupt Long-term Gut Health - Science Daily,
6/19/07
-
Atkins Diet Tops Others in Study - washingtonpost.com, 3/6/07 -
"The study by Stanford University
researchers compared the Atkins approach to three others: the standard
low-fat, reduced calorie regimen long recommended by physicians and weight
loss experts; the Zone, a reduced carbohydrate approach developed by author
Barry Sears; and the very low-fat, high-carbohydrate regimen created by
physician Dean Ornish ... For all practical purposes the programs all worked
about the same ... The extra four pounds lost by the Atkins group are not
very meaningful"
-
Atkins beats other diet plans in study - USA Today, 3/6/07
-
Study reignites low-carb high-protein debate - Nutra USA, 9/28/06
-
Low
Carbohydrate Diet Did Not Increase Bone Loss, Study Finds - Science
Daily, 5/24/06
-
Study highlights possible health risk with Atkins diet - USA Today,
3/16/06
-
Low carb lives on – at least for scientists - Nutra USA, 1/19/06
- Low
carb diets 'cut heart energy' - BBC News, 11/14/05 -
"the energy stored in the heart was
reduced by an average of 16% among those who followed a high fat, low
carbohydrate diet ... One of the participants even noticed he could not
manage his daily run while on the diet"
-
How Atkins works - possible mechanism discovered - Nutra USA, 11/9/05
-
A Critical
Appraisal of the Atkins Diet - Dr. Murray's Natural Facts
-
New
Study Shows How Very Low-carb Diets Take Off The Pounds - Science Daily,
4/7/05 - "We proved that people lose
weight on the Atkins diet because they eat less (consume fewer calories),
not because they get bored with the diet or lose body water or because the
carbohydrate calories are treated differently by the body than fat or
protein calories"
-
Why Do Low-Carb Diets Cause Weight Loss? - WebMD, 3/14/05 -
"participants in a new study lost
weight when they restricted carbohydrates simply because -- drum roll,
please -- they ate fewer calories"
- Counting calories on your mobile phone - MSNBC, 12/10/04
- Low-Carb Diets: Better for Men Than Women? - WebMD, 11/16/04
- Very Low-carbohydrate Diets Work For Men And Upper Body Fat - Science Daily, 11/15/04
- Low-Carb Diets Work, but Safety Still an Issue - WebMD, 9/2/04 -
"What we are more concerned about is that people on low-carbohydrate diets begin to
complain about side effects: headache, muscle weakness, and cramps and diarrhea. This is consistent with carbohydrate deficiency"
- Was Atkins Right? New Study Provides Support For Those Who Advocate A High Protein Diet For Weight Loss And Better Health - Science Daily, 7/20/04
- Is the Low-Carb Craze Waning? - WebMD, 7/15/04 -
"People have the perception that low-carb
diets are not healthy ... Of all the most popular diet approaches, the one consumers seem to like best is Weight Watchers"
- High Protein Diet May Be Bad For Women Trying To Conceive - Science Daily, 6/29/04
- Low carb diet dangerous for health, says consumer group - Nutra USA, 6/22/04 -
"losing weight by an extremely low-carb
diet can lead to serious health problems such as kidney stress, liver disorders and gout"
- What’s the Best Diet? - Dr. Weil, 6/11/04
- Is Low-Carb Eating Increasing Scurvy? - WebMD, 6/10/04 -
"Because scurvy is rarely suspected, people with the symptoms -- fatigue, limping, bleeding
gums, or swollen extremities -- may not be tested for vitamin C deficiency"
- Whey protein better than meat for reducing body weight - Nutra USA, 6/7/04 -
"Increasing the dietary density of whey protein, but not of
red meat, reduced body weight gain by 4 per cent, they add, while whey protein also reduced plasma insulin concentration by 40 per cent and increased insulin sensitivity, compared to meat protein" - See
iHerb
 or
Vitacost
whey protein products.
- Man sues Atkins over clogged arteries - MSNBC, 5/28/04
- Low-Carb, Low-Fat Diets Get Similar Results - WebMD, 5/17/04 -
"six months into a low-carb
program, the dramatic weight loss ends abruptly"
- Low Carb Nation - Time Magazine Cover Story, 5/3/04 -
"The bigger issue is the long-term health effects of protein-heavy diets. Very little
data is available, but many researchers are worried that such diets can lead to kidney and liver problems. Research also suggests that too much protein can leach calcium out of the body, increasing the risk of osteoporosis"
- High protein diet weakens immunity system? - Nutra USA, 3/9/04
- More Carbs, More Exercise = More Weight Loss - WebMD, 3/5/04 -
"The thinnest people eat the most carbs
... Without exception, a high-complex-carbohydrate, high-vegetable-protein diet is associated with low body mass ... High-protein diets were associated with higher body weight"
- Low carbs cause mood 'lows' - Nutra USA, 3/2/04 -
"a lack of carbohydrates will reduce levels of the mood-regulating hormone seratonin"
- Low-Carb Diets Likely to Lead to High Calories - Medscape, 2/24/04
- Atkins Food Pyramid Aims to Clear Confusion - WebMD, 2/17/04
- Are Low-Carb Diets Unhealthy for Kids? - WebMD, 2/13/04
- The Facts on Low-Carb Diets and Heart Disease - WebMD, 2/11/04 -
"the lack of long-term data on low-carb
diets severely limits their ability to evaluate their safety and effectiveness in promoting weight loss as well as reducing the risk of heart disease"
- Doctor Atkins was obese, had heart disease - USA Today, 2/10/04 -
"Dr. Robert Atkins, whose popular diet stresses protein-rich meat
and cheese over carbohydrates, weighed 258 pounds at his death and had a history of heart disease ... Before his death, he had suffered a heart attack, congestive heart failure and hypertension"
- Atkins Diet Goes on a Diet - WebMD, 1/21/04
- Four Popular Diets All Good for Weight Loss But Not Equal for Reducing Heart Disease Risk - Doctor's Guide, 11/10/03 -
"Patients were evenly
assigned to the Atkins diet (low carbohydrates), Zone (moderate carbohydrates), Ornish (low-fat vegetarian), or Weight Watchers (moderate fat) ... the heart disease risk score is based on the HDL/LDL ratio, and the "Ornish diet does not increase HDL, while the other diets do achieve significant increases in HDL,""
- I put the results in table form:
At 12 months: |
| |
Weight decrease |
Framingham risk score decrease |
Insulin level decrease |
LDL decrease |
HDL increase |
% Completed study |
| Atkins |
3.9% |
12.3% |
7.7% |
8.6% |
15.4% |
52% |
| Zone |
4.6% |
10.5% |
16.5% |
6.7% |
14.6% |
65% |
| Ornish |
6.2% |
6.6% |
19.9% |
16.7% |
2.2% |
50% |
| Weight W. |
4.5% |
14.7% |
8.8% |
7.7% |
18.5% |
65% |
- 4 Popular Diets Heart Healthy - WebMD, 11/10/03 -
"the heart disease risk score is based on the ratio between LDL cholesterol and HDL "good"
cholesterol ... The Atkins and Zone diets increased HDL by 15%, while Weight Watchers posted an 18.5% gain. But the Ornish diet increased HDL by just 2.2%"
- Atkins Center Closes After Founder Dies - Intelihealth, 10/23/03
- Low-Carb Diets Are Working, Study Says - Intelihealth, 10/14/03 - Yeah, but they still aren't addressing dehydration, fiber and the amount of water that fiber holds in the gut. - Ben
- Low-Carb, More Calories, Lose Weight? - WebMD, 10/14/03
- Low-Carb Backlash? - CBS News, 8/25/03
- Low-carb 'lifestyle' goes mainstream - USA Today, 8/18/03
- High-Fat Diet, Breast Cancer Linked - CBS News, 7/17/03 -
"those who average more than 90 grams of fat a day have roughly double the risk of those who eat
just 37 grams" - That's another area that hasn't been fully researched regarding the Atkin's diet.
- Fatty Diet Raises Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 6/20/03 -
"surveys of people with diabetes have suggested a link between the amount of saturated fat in a
person's diet and diabetes risk, but until now that link has not been confirmed by biological evidence ... they looked at the levels of fatty acids in the blood, which reflects how much saturated fat a person generally eats over time, and compared it to the risk of developing type 2
diabetes among a group of 2,909 adults aged 45-64 ... During nine years of follow-up, 252 of the men and women developed type 2 diabetes ... As the level of fatty acids increased, the likelihood that the person developed type 2 diabetes also increased" - This is something else the Atkin's studies should be
looking at. This study was nine years. I believe the longest Atkin's study was one year. - Ben
- Weight Loss Benefits Of Low-Carbohydrate Diet May Be Temporary - Doctor's Guide, 5/29/03 -
"At 3 months, the subjects on the low-carbohydrate
diet had lost more weight than subjects on the conventional diet ... Similar results were seen at 6 months ... However, the difference at 12 months was not significant ... Throughout the study, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were improved among subjects on the low-carbohydrate diet, but
total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were similar between the groups at 3 months ... The lack of a statistically significant difference (in weight loss) between the groups at one year is most likely due to greater weight regain in the low-carbohydrate group and the small sample size ... They
note that adherence was poor and attrition was high in both groups" - [Abstract] - Some thoughts:
- I graphed it out below. The results would be the opposite if you project the momentum of the last six months of the graph out to 15 months.
- I feel they should have addressed dehydration caused by high protein diets, as many critics claim and the percent of weight that would have accounted for.
- They should have addressed the weight of the fiber and the water that fiber holds in the gut of the carb people. For example, apples weight six times as much per calorie as
steak. So a pound of steak would have the same calories as 6 pounds of apples. That’s a 5 pound difference on the scale (or 2.5% body weight for a 200 pound person) for the same amount of calories until those apples leave your system. The
difference would be even greater for fat as with the a low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diet vs. a low-calorie, high-carbohydrate, low-fat (conventional) diets used in this study.
- Total body water is easy to measure with a body composition analyzer. It's hard to believe it was out of the budget of this study. Without knowing the total body water difference from baseline between the two groups the
numbers are meaningless. There seems to be so many flaws that I tried to find who funded the study but neither the abstract nor the media articles say. I emailed the head of the study, Dr. Foster and he admitted that no body composition was taken but said that they were going to use
DEXA in a future trial. If the primary purpose of the study was to determine what weight loss regiment was more effective but the measurement of that effectiveness was meaningless without knowing the total body water, then why did they
even have the study?
- High-carb has been known for some time to lower HDL (the good cholesterol). Why not just go with a balanced diet, i.e., a low calorie, medium-carbohydrate, medium fat, medium protein diet? It seems so obvious. Still not convinced? See
Dr. Atkins Products
at Vitacost.
- I was reading up on DEXA and body composition in general. It's an interesting area and I started a web page on it.. For example:
- The DEXA Van - arizona.edu -
"A woman doesn’t just lose bone, she tends to lose muscle at the same time, and then she’s more at risk for falling. If you lose muscle, that lowers your
metabolic rate, and you can gain weight. So losing muscle can contribute to diabetes. All three are related."
Abstracts:
-
A diet
with 35 % of energy from protein leads to kidney damage in female Sprague-Dawley
rats - Br J Nutr. 2011 May 3:1-8 - "High-protein
(HP) diets for weight loss remain popular despite questions surrounding
overall safety. In a recent study using the pig model, we showed that
long-term intakes from whole proteins at 35 % energy (en %) cause moderate
renal histological damage. To examine whether this observation may be
species specific or more generalisable, the effect of this diet in rats was
examined ... Rats consuming the HP diet had 17 % higher kidney weights (P <
0·0001), three times higher proteinuria (P < 0·0001) and 27 % higher
creatinine clearance (P = 0·0012) compared with those consuming the NP diet.
Consistent with this, HP-fed rats had larger glomeruli (P < 0·0001) and more
glomerulosclerosis (P = 0·0003) compared with NP-fed rats. The HP diet also
resulted in altered levels of free monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P <
0·0001). The histological changes are consistent with those observed in the
pig model. In contrast to the pig model, the elevated proteinuria and
creatinine clearance observed in the rat model are also usually observed
with HP consumption in human subjects. These results indicate that the rat
is a useful model for HP effects on the kidney and, along with previous
results using the pig model, suggest that long-term intake of high levels of
protein may be detrimental to renal health"
-
Long-Term High Intake of Whole Proteins Results in Renal Damage in Pigs
- J Nutr. 2010 Jul 28 - "These findings suggest that
long-term intakes of protein at the upper limit of the AMDR from whole
protein sources may compromise renal health"
-
A Prospective Study of the Modified Atkins Diet for Intractable Epilepsy in
Adults - Epilepsia. 2007 Oct 5 - "A modified
Atkins diet appears to demonstrate preliminary efficacy for adults with
intractable epilepsy, especially in those who lost weight. Considering the
rapid response in those who improved, but somewhat high discontinuation
rate, a 2-month trial period may be adequate to assess for efficacy"
-
A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia: a randomized, controlled trial - Ann Intern Med. 2004 May 18;140(10):769-77 -
"Compared with a low-fat diet, a low-carbohydrate diet program had better participant retention and greater weight loss. During active weight loss, serum triglyceride levels decreased more and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased more with the low-carbohydrate
diet than with the low-fat diet"
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