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Home > Anti-aging Research > ApoA-I.
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) & ApoA-1 Milano
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News & Research:
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Combination of niacin extended-release and simvastatin results in a less
atherogenic lipid profile than atorvastatin monotherapy - Vasc Health Risk
Manag. 2010 Nov 24;6:1065-75 - "niacin extended-release + simvastatin (NER/S)
... NER/S treatment significantly improved apo A-I levels and the apo B:A-I
ratio, significantly lowered the number of atherogenic LDL particles and VLDL
and chylomicron particles, and increased the mean size of LDL and VLDL
particles, compared with atorvastatin" - See
Twinlab niacin 1000mg at iHerb.
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The effects
of tomato consumption on serum glucose, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A-I,
homocysteine and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients - Int J Food Sci
Nutr. 2010 Dec 8 - "32 type 2 diabetes patients received
200 g raw tomato daily for 8 weeks ... There were significant decreases in
systolic and diastolic blood pressure and also a significant increase in apoA-I
at the end of study compared with initial values"
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ApoB/apoA-I
ratio is better than LDL-C in detecting cardiovascular risk - Nutr Metab
Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Feb 18 - "An unfavourable apoB/apoA-I
(>/=0.9 for males and >/=0.8 for females) was present in 13.9% of 108 patients
with LDL-C <100mg/dL: compared to subjects with lower apoB/apoA-I (<0.9 for
males and <0.8 for females), they had more elements of MetS and their lipid
profile strongly correlated with high CV risk. Out of 314 patients with lower
apoB/apoA-I, 40.12% had LDL-C >/=130mg/dL: these retained a more favourable
lipid profile than corresponding subjects with elevated apoB/apoA-I ratio.
Finally, we found a significant correlation between LDL-C and apoB/apoA-I ratio
(r=0.48, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In NGT with LDL-C <100mg/dL, a higher apoB/apoA-I
exhibited an atherogenic lipid profile, indicating that LDL-C alone is
insufficient to define CV risk. Independent from LDL-level, when apoB/apoA-I is
lower, the lipid profile is, in fact, less atherogenic. This study demonstrates
that apoB/apoA-I is at least complementary to LDL-C in identifying the
"effective" CV risk profile of asymptomatic NGT subjects"
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High apoB/apoA-I
ratio is associated with increased progression rate of carotid artery intima-media
thickness in clinically healthy 58-year-old men: Experiences from very long-term
follow-up in the AIR study - Atherosclerosis. 2008 Dec 3 -
"The results indicate that apoB/apoA-I ratio is an
important risk factor for predicting atherosclerotic progression rate during
very long-term follow-up in clinically healthy middle-aged men"
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Natural
Regulator Of Inflammation Identified - Science Daily, 12/24/08
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HDL cholesterol and
large HDL particles not cardioprotective when adjusted for apoA-1 and apoB -
theheart.org, 2/4/08
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Resveratrol attenuates the expression of HMG-CoA reductase mRNA in hamsters
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Dec 28 - "The
concentrations of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly
lower in the resveratrol-fed group than in the control group. The resveratrol
contained diet significantly decreased Apo B, Lp(a), and
cholesterol-ester-transport protein (CETP) concentrations, but increased Apo A-I
levels and the Apo A-I/Apo B ratio. The contents of cholesterol and triglyceride
in hepatic tissue were significantly lower in the resveratrol group than in the
control group. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that HMGR mRNA expression was
significantly lower in the resveratrol group than in the control group" -
See
Jarrow Resveratrol 100 at iHerb.
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Vitamin E dietary supplementation significantly affects multiple risk factors
for cardiovascular disease in baboons - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007
Sep;86(3):597-603 - "vitamin E caused 2 paradoxical
effects on HDL metabolism: higher apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) concentrations
and lower HDL sizes ... They also show 2 apparently paradoxical effects on HDL
metabolism: lower HDL(2), which is mediated by genes, and higher apo A-I, which
is not. These effects have contrasting associations with CVD risk and may help
account for the mixed results from clinical trials of dietary vitamin E"
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ApoB/apoA-I ratio: an independent predictor of insulin resistance in US
non-diabetic subjects - Eur Heart J. 2007 Sep 1 -
"In the US population, apoB/apoAI ratio is significantly associated with insulin
resistance in non-diabetic subjects"
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HDL Levels and
Particle Size: Does Size Matter at Both Ends of the Scale? - Medscape,
8/7/07 - "very large HDL particles would be
associated with an increased risk for coronary artery disease ... These data
suggest that very large HDL particles no longer seem to confer protection
against cardiovascular disease, at least when levels of apoA-1 and apoB are
kept constant, but this lack of protection does not seem to hold true for
apoA-1"
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Low vitamin D levels may increase metabolic syndrome risk - Nutra USA,
7/17/07 - "The most relevant finding in our study
was the association of vitamin D concentrations with lipid levels. Our
results are in concordance with the concept that vitamin D appears to be
necessary to maintain adequate apolipoprotein A-I concentrations, the main
component of HDL cholesterol"
- [Abstract]
- See
vitamin D products at iHerb.
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Blood Protein Ups Heart Risk - WebMD, 9/19/06
- The
apo B/A-I Ratio -- A Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than LDL,
HDL, or Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, or Lipid Ratios - Medscape,
7/28/06 - "the predictive power of
the apo B/A-I ratio is superior to, and cannot be improved by adding, any
other lipid parameter or ratio"
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Novel
Dietary Supplement [Sytrinol™] Shows Dramatic Effects in Lowering Cholesterol, LDL, and Triglycerides - Life Extension Magazine, 11/04 -
"those with the highest ratios of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A were at the greatest risk of dying from a
heart attack" - See
Sytrinol products at iHerb
 .
- Scientists Tout New Cholesterol Test - Intelihealth, 9/1/04 -
"Globally, 50 percent of the risk of a heart attack is predicted by the apo B/apo A1 ratio"
- Raising HDL in Clinical Practice - Medscape, 6/10/04 -
"The HDL particle is actually a protein complex consisting of several apolipoproteins, including ... apoA-I, which is abundant in all HDL particles"
- New Way to Unclog Arteries? - Dr. Weil, 1/19/04
- Genetically Engineered Molecule May Unclog Arteries - Physician's Weekly, 12/1/03
- Milano Apolipoprotein: A Newsmaker Interview With Steven E. Nissen, MD - Medscape, 11/11/03
- Simvastatin Increases HDL-C And Apo A-I More Than Atorvastatin in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia - Doctor's Guide, 11/10/03 -
"Simvastatin
appears to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I significantly more than does atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolaemia ... Liver toxicity occurred in significantly fewer patients treated with simvastatin
compared to atorvastatin"
- ‘Liquid Drano’ for the arteries - MSNBC, 11/4/03 - Note: The article calls it "HDL" but I believe they are referring to the synthetic version of ApoA-I. See the next article.
- Potential Heart Disease Breakthrough - WebMD, 11/4/03 -
"It's called ApoA-I Milano ... a genetically engineered version of this "good" HDL cholesterol protein has been tested
in a small human trial ... The findings exceed even the most optimistic expectations ... In five weeks, patients treated with ApoAI Milano had about a 4% decrease in plaque volume. That's 10 times greater reduction than ever seen before"
- Rosuvastatin Improves Apolipoprotein Levels - Doctor's Guide, 10/1/03
- Cholesterol Carriers May Offer Predict Second Heart Attack More Accurately - Doctor's Guide, 5/17/99 -
"ApoA-1 and apo B carry cholesterol in the bloodstream. Apo B is a cholesterol donor, while apoA-1
is a cholesterol scavenger"
Abstracts:
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Effect of a
traditional Mediterranean diet on apolipoproteins B, A-I, and their ratio: A
randomized, controlled trial - Atherosclerosis. 2011 May 6 -
"Apolipoprotein (Apo)B, ApoA-I, and their ratio could
predict coronary heart disease (CHD) risk more accurately than conventional
lipid measurements. Our aim was to assess the effect of a traditional
Mediterranean diet (TMD) on apolipoproteins ... Participants assigned to a
low-fat diet (control) (n=177), or TMDs (TMD+virgin olive oil (VOO), n=181 or
TMD+nuts, n=193) received nutritional education and either free VOO (ad libitum)
or nuts (dose: 30g/day). A 3-month evaluation was performed ... Both TMDs
promoted beneficial changes on classical cardiovascular risk factors. ApoA-I
increased, and ApoB and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio decreased after TMD+VOO, the changes
promoting a lower cardiometabolic risk. Changes in TMD+VOO versus low-fat diet
were -2.9mg/dL (95% CI, -5.6 to -0.08), 3.3mg/dL (95% CI, 0.84 to 5.8), and
-0.03mg/dL (-0.05 to -0.01) for ApoB, ApoA-I, and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio,
respectively ... Individuals at high-cardiovascular risk who improved their diet
toward a TMD pattern rich in virgin olive oil, reduced their Apo B and ApoB/ApoA-I
ratio and improved ApoA-I concentrations" - The question is; is it
the polyphenols or the omega-9 or both in the virgin olive oil responsible
for the benefit? See
olive Leaf extracts at iHerb.
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Low
levels of apolipoprotein A-I and HDL are associated with risk of prostate
cancer in the Swedish AMORIS study - Cancer Causes Control. 2011 May 12
- "ApoA-I and HDL were inversely associated with PCa
risk (e.g., HR for HDL: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.81-1.07), 0.88 (0.76-1.01), 0.81
(0.70-0.94), for second, third, and fourth quartiles compared with the first
quartile; with p for trend: 0.004; HR for apoA-I: 1.00 (0.88-1.13), 0.93
(0.82-1.05), 0.88 (0.77-0.99),), for second, third, and fourth quartiles
compared with the first quartile; with p for trend: 0.022). ApoB, LDL, and
non-HDL were not associated with PCa risk"
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